Assignment: Negotiation Plan Daily Dairy Company Essay

The Dairy Company is proud to be one of the most successful companies in the country that provide milk-based products to Australian customers as well as oversea. As we look at the future of the company, it is necessary to restructure the company body frame, strengthen employer-employee relation, the main endowment factor of our company. It is important to come to the satisfactory agreement that could benefit both parties. Dairy Company Goals: 1. The agreement upon the appreciation in salary is to be indicated during the life of the agreement. 2. Training module to be provided to employees 3. Develop an efficient hours roster 4. Maximize the duration of the agreement 5. Consultative Committee structure and confidential information Dairy Company Strategies Daily Dairy is very well aware of the important of employees, the undeniable part which largely contribute to company’s benefit. The company feels that it must develop a solid agreement to benefit every single contributor, but it also wishes to remain flexible and open to new changes and to the variation of demanding market. An integrative agreement is much needed. †Most negotiators would prefer to be involved in the more integrative approach to bargaining, which is a good choice as the research generally suggests that the integrative approach yields better results† (Walton and McKersies’s 1965) 1. The agreement upon the appreciation in salary is to be indicated during the life of the agreement. As the recession coming up, the prediction of 10 to 20% of employees will be cut down to reduce expenses and raise a significant amount to capital. A part of the surplus amount e contributed to the capital will be added to the current salary. The purpose of this appreciation is to enhance the life standard of each individual, furthermore  improve the productivity of employees and production line of Daily Dairy in general. The appreciated proportion will be determined by the proved contribution towards improved productivity of each individual performance. The total amount increase benefiting employees is predicted to be 5% rising from 65%-35% between company and workers to 60%-40%. As the disappointing productivity in recently month, employment diminishing is inevitable but to encourage these employees by adding more shared benefit, we believe it could improve the general production line. We believe that the agreeable rates can be determined by reasonable flexibility from both sides and are prepared to offer several concessions of our own. Fell stated in his Clear-cut compromise strategy that â€Å"the split different between what you and other party want, so both get something, and neither of you gets all that you wanted†. (Fells,R.E 2012). 2. Training module to be provided to employees Training opportunities are already given for potential employees. The quantity can go up or down depend on the availability of vacancies. However, we agree to give more training opportunities to employees for contingency problems, and upcoming expansion. As we have stated above, the salary appreciation is counted based on individual performance. Workers will be paid upon the contribution of their work, not for the skills they hold. 3. Develop an efficient hour’s roster We believe that in order to achieve productivity, efficiency rosters are much needed for each individual. A pattern has been build up to achieve efficiency from both company and employees. In this pattern, both parties specify their requirements, limitations and thus come to an agreeable terms. For this instance, Daily Dairy required each employee to fulfill 38 hours per week with an optional of working overtime. Alternatively, employees can state their preferred working time, number of overtime hours. Agree to these terms, Daily Dairy will make sure providing the best possible roster to each individual, and employees are obligate to fulfill what has been agreed upon. In return, we need employee to be flexible to new roster in the time of increased demand; seven day notice will be given to any changes in roster. By optimal the employee rosters in ordinary business day, we satisfied their needs thus we can expected improved in productivity. Furthermore, in the time of need, we also can expect the same productivity from employee regarding the changes in roster. It’s the win-win situation that Daily Dairy wants to achieve. â€Å"the win-win situations exist where some value are created that did not exist, or seem to exist when the parties first started negotiating†.(Fells,R.E 2012). 4. The duration of the agreement The longer the duration of the agreement the better off for our company. At first, Daily Dairy can avoid dissipating both human and money resources on these repeatable problems and focus on more pressing matter. Secondly, with a predictable fixed in labor cost, we can achieve more stability and further benefit toward company, money in general. In short-run, wages could not reflect the price-level change (inflation rate), so worker are actually work under wages. In short, while the labor expenses are fixed, our profit is variant, the different will benefit us in the long run. We want to achieves 4 years agreement. Thus we should make the initial offer and it should be higher than 4 years. â€Å"A first offer tends to become an anchor for the negotiations, so going first has aan advantage ( Galinsky & Mussweiler 2001; Magee, Galinsky & Gruendeld 2007) 5. Committee structure and confidential information Employees are the main skeleton which structures the appearance of company. With this in mind, we want to build a most effective joint workplace committee that enables the possibility to have a mutual understanding between company and workers. With a consultative role, committees can provide management with worker viewpoint before decisions about the workplace are made. Recognizing that the current industry is very competitive and maintaining secrecy about Daily Dairy’s strategic information is the most important, confidentiality information must be kept safe from outside world which includes committee. â€Å"The trust required in these specific situations is separate from whether the other negotiators are inherently trust worthy† (Fells,R.E 2012). The benefit returns is not worth the risk. Conclusion We have showed our reciprocity in some matter and also in some we stand a firm ground but after all, we believe that these concessions show our good faith and will enhance a mutually beneficial relationship between our company and employees. We hope this agreement would result in a significant amount of productivity growth, and would also serve to strengthen our infrastructure and our mutual benefit as a whole. References Fell,R.E. (2012), ‘Trust: Situation-Specific’ , Effective Negotiation (2), pp.29 Fell,R.E. (2012),’What , exactly, do we mean by a win-win negotiation?’, Effective Negotiation (2), pp.40 Fell,R.E. (2012), ‘Stategic choice :A negotiator’s choice of issue strategy’, Effective Negotiation (2), pp.46 Galinsky, A.D. & Mussweiler, T. (2001), ‘First offer as anchors: the role of perspective-taking and negotiator focus’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(4),pp.657-69 Walton, R.E., & McKersie, R.B. (1965), A Behaviour Theory of Labour Negotiations, McGraw-Hill, NewYork

Night World : The Chosen Chapter 17

Hunter's yacht was bigger than the powerboat Quinn had brought to the island. There was a salon down in the cabin and two separate staterooms. Right now, Timmy was in one of them. Nyala was in another. Quinn had put them both to sleep. Quinn and Rashel were in the cockpit. â€Å"Do you think any of the vampires got out?† Rashel said softly. â€Å"I don't know. Probably.† His voice was as quiet as hers. He was filthy, covered with sand and soot, burned here and there, and wildly disheveled. He had never looked more beautiful to Rashel. â€Å"You saved Nyala,† she whispered. â€Å"And I know you did it for me.† He looked at her and some of the tense focus went out of his eyes. The hardness in his face softened. Rashel took his hand. She didn't know how to say the rest of what she meant. That she knew he had changed, that he was changing every minute. She could almost feel the new parts of his mind opening and growing-or rather, the old parts, the parts he'd deliberately left behind when he stopped being human. â€Å"Thank you, John Quinn,† she whispered. He laughed. It wasn't a savage laugh, or a bitter laugh, or even the charming Mad Hatter laugh. It was just a real laugh. Tired and shaky, but happy. â€Å"What else could I do?† Then he reached for her and they were holding each other. They might look like two refugees from a disaster movie, but all Rashel felt was the singing joy of their closeness. It was such comfort to be able to hold on to Quinn, and such wonder to feel him holding her back. A feeling of peace stole over her. There were still problems ahead. She knew that. Her mind was already clicking through them, forming a dim checklist of things to worry about when she regained the ability to worry. Hunter and the other vampires. They might still be alive. They might come looking for revenge. But even if they did†¦ Rashel had spent her whole life fighting the Night World alone. Now she had Quinn beside her, and together they could take on anything. Daphne and the girls. Rashel felt sure they were safe; she trusted Annelise and Keiko. But once they got home, they'd be traumatized. They would need help. And someone would need to figure out what they should tell the rest of the world. Not that anyone would believe it was real vampires who had kidnapped them if they said so, Rashel thought. The police would pass it off as a cult or something. Still, the girls know the truth. They may be fresh recruits for the fight†¦. Against what? How could she be a vampire hunter now? How could she try to destroy the Night World? Where could a reformed vampire and a burned-out vampire hunter go when they fell in love? The answer, of course, was obvious. Rashel knew even as she formed the question, and she laughed silently into Quinn's shoulder. Circle Daybreak. They'd become damned Daybreakers. Granted, they weren't the type to dance in circles with flowers in their hair, singing about love and harmony and all that. But if Circle Daybreak was going to make any headway, it needed something besides love and harmony. It needed a fighting arm. Somebody to deal with the vampires who were hopelessly evil and bent on destruction. Somebody to save people like Nyala's sister. Somebody to protect kids like Timmy. Come to think of it, Circle Daybreak was where Nyala and Timmy belonged, too. Right now they need peace and healing, and people who would understand what they'd been through. I don't know, Rashel thought, maybe witches can help. She hoped so. She thought Nyala would be all right-there was a kind of inner strength to the girl that kept her fighting. She wasn't so sure about Timmy. Trapped in a four-year-old body, his mind twisted by whatever lies Hunter had told him†¦ what kind of normal life could he ever have? But he was alive, and there was a chance. And maybe there were parts of his mind that were bright and warm and aching to grow. Elliot and Vicky and the other vampire hunters. Rashel would have to talk to them, try to explain what she'd learned. She didn't know if they'd listen. But she would have to try. â€Å"All anybody can do is try,† she said softly. Quinn stirred. He leaned back to look into her face. â€Å"You're right,† he said, and she realized that he'd been thinking about the same things. Our minds work alike, she thought. She had found her partner, her equal, the one to work and live and love with her. Her soulmate. â€Å"I love you, John Quinn,† she said. And then they were kissing each other and she was finding in him a tenderness that even she hadn't suspected. But it made sense. After all, the opposite of absolute ruthlessness is absolute tenderness-and when you ripped the one away, you were left with the other. I wonder what else I'll find out about him? She thought, dizzy with discovery. Whatever it is, it's sure to be interesting. â€Å"I love you, Rashel Jordan,† he said against her lips. Not Rashel the Cat. The Cat was dead, and all the old anger and the hate had burned away. It was Rashel Jordan who was starting a new future. She kissed Quinn again and felt the beauty and the mystery of his thoughts. â€Å"Hold me tighter,† she whispered. â€Å"I'm a little cold.† â€Å"You are? I feel so warm. It's spring tomorrow, you know.† And then they both were quiet, lost in each other. The boat sped on through the sparkling ocean and into the promise of the moonlit night.. [The End]

Employment law 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Employment law 3 - Assignment Example In this case, Woolsey signed an employment agreement which contained Employee Confidentiality, Non-Disclosure and Non-Circumvention Agreement. In this regard, Woolsey committed himself to not disclose third parties information about MediLink such as trade secrets. Woolsey also committed himself not to work for a competitor of MediLink for a period of three years after termination of Woolsey's employment. Woolsey can be argued to have breached Non-Disclosure and Non-Circumvention Agreement by coping hundreds of MediLink documents on his laptop, which he carried to-and-from his office. These agreements protect the ideas of the business deal. In addition, the employer spends effort and money training employees, and this should remain privacy especially on the way the company does business. Question B As the HR VP of MediLink, I would advice MediLink to treat the nurses as its employees. This is important because as company employees, the nurses will enjoy all benefits accrued to company employees. This translates to better provision of services to MediLink customers. Some of the benefits of having the nurses as MediLink employees are directly or indirectly connected to incentives employees get from the company. Some programs such healthcare programs, reward systems, and employment law that protect employees from unfair treatment by the employer would motivate the nurses to continue working for the MediLink and offer quality services to MediLink customers. Conversely, an employer has the right of control. The employer can dictate the means and the manner in which the employee performs the job. In addition, since MediLink customers’ supplies with uniform and equipments and some fees, it means that the customers entrusts all this to MediLink. Therefore, it would be vital for MediLink to treat nurses as its employees. Shaw v. Zedco Employment law prohibits sexual harassment in a workplace and is considered â€Å"to be a form of sexual discrimination, and it is stipulated under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act† (M, Paludi, and C, Paludi 6). Carpenter, Newman, and Whatley were alleged to have sexually harassed plaintiff and subjected to a hostile work environment. However, in order to determine the case, it is vital to point out some deliberations and facts concerning the law and the case at hand. Under Title VII, apart from the employers being required to prevent sexual harassment, they are also supposed to take reasonable care to promptly correct sexual harassment that has occurred (M, Paludi, and C, Paludi 6). In this case, the plaintiff reported the matter to Persons about alleged case of sexual harassment committed by her colleagues. Persons fired Carpenter and held disciplinary conferences with Newman and Whatley. In this regard, it is correct to argue that took the appropriate measures against the accused persons. In addition, Persons wrote to Plaintiff, urging her to reconsider leaving her job and informing her that ZED CO had hired a new manager for the Stockton facility and assured her of fair treatment. This means that the employer took reasonable care. In fact, for the employer to be legally responsible for sexual harassment, he must be aware that the harassment occurred and that he failed to take reasonable care. On a different dimension, it is crucial for employees experiencing sexual harassment in workplace, categorically and clearly say no to it. For example, if the behavior of his or her workmate offends

Compare the education between Saudi Arabia and United state Essay - 1

Compare the education between Saudi Arabia and United state - Essay Example The research will aim at bringing into focus thoseelements that the educational system in Saudi Arabia can learn from the United States of America. Saudi Arabia and the United States have been allies for a very long time. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is growing and aims to be among the top developed nations of the world. USA, on the other hand, is the most developed country. There are also some similarities and differences between the educational systems in the two countries. But when it comes to the infrastructure, syllabus, course curriculum and its teaching methods, and the quality of education USA will be found to be better than in Saudi Arabia. Thus for this research paper, the problem statement can be stated as â€Å"the educational system in Saudi Arabia is not competent enough like the educational system in USA† The paper will be discussing the importance of education in general in the initial phase to realize its significance in society. This section will discuss the importance of the educational institutions in disbursing proper education. After that two segments will briefly discuss the crux and mechanics of the education system prevailing in the two nations which help us in creating a sense of differentiation and similarity between the two systems. The differences will be then thoroughly discussed and areas will be unfurled where the essence of educational system of USA can be implemented in Saudi. Research also identified that USA is facing some crisis and that will be discussed in the subsequent section. After that a brief literature survey will be executed to gain stronger foothold over the subject matter and validating the problem statement and reaching the aim and objectives of the paper. Education has been considered as an important part in the human society since the development of the civilized world. Human societies across many ages put their interests in the quality of education. The importance of education must not be

What are the distinguishing aspects of Hispanic culture which affect Essay

What are the distinguishing aspects of Hispanic culture which affect political behaviour in the US after Obama - Essay Example The Census Bureau of the United States has defined individuals who are of Hispanic origin as those individuals who live in the United States, but state their origins as Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Dominican, Central or South American. The same definition has been utilized by small business organizations all over the country as well as many federal, state and municipal agencies. This is needed by the mentioned organizations when it comes to awarding contracts to businesses owned by individuals from minority groups (US Census Bureau, 2001). As of this writing, the record for the number of Hispanic nationals residing in the United States has come up to 33 million, therefore making around 12 percent of the entire US population. It has been predicted that the numbers would increase to over 50 million by the year 2020 (US Census Bureau, 2001). According to Mendoza (1989), the Hispanic community is becoming increasingly acculturated. The process of ‘acculturation’ refers to the process of the integration of ethnic minorities into the mainstream culture of their environment. There has been research implying that acculturation has the tendency to reduce the feelings of inadequacy and helps minorities to feel a part of their ethnic group and the mainstream culture (La Fromboise et al., 1993). In the Hispanic population, acculturation has become more and more prevalent and despite this, there are still some cultural traits that Hispanic individuals possess, which in turn come into conflict with American culture. Lee et al (2006) has mentioned that cultural differences plays a part in affecting the organizational goals and objectives of an administration. The enormous changes in demographics within the 21st century has meant that postmodernism became one of the main players in the 2008 presidential elections. According to Sanchez & Fernandez (1993), Hispanic identity has been defined as the level to which individuals

Malcolm X Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Malcolm X - Research Paper Example He was a son of two active black nationalists who followed the teachings of Marcus Garvey, the most influential pan-Africanist of the early twentieth century. Malcolm was placed in an Ingam County juvenile in Mason, Michigan. He worked hard and was obtaining good results in school. Seeing this made his half sister Ella proud when she came to visit him. Though many people of his time believed that Malcolm X and his followers were only spreading hate across the nation, his speeches accomplished a lot more than that. Because of him, black people in North America are now shown more respect by people of the white race who were once their oppressors. To the eyes of many, this was not real freedom. Malcolm X was fighting to change this sad reality and win the respect of people for all black people nationwide. Demonstrating this fact, after his death, affirmative action became a part of a larger design by Pres. Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty program to benefit the minorities of the society who were not given the opportunity to seek formal education and denied equal job opportunities as the white population. (Haley, 1964) The debate on this issue is still going on today. These facts prove that black people are finally being accepted for who they are in the society they live in and shown the respect they deserve. A formal apology has not yet been witnessed but the fact that it is being discussed alone still demonstrates that whites are finally recognizing blacks as human beings no inferior than whites and deserve equal respect to whites. The black people were the same ones who once accepted white supremacy and believed themselves to be inferior. They were unqualified and, as human beings, did not recognize their rights like most black people of that time. (Perry, 1991) They endured police aggressions and harassments. Newton, who was familiar with the law, guided his people into a militant resistance whose purpose was to defend its community and would not attack unless a ttacked. Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr The Civil War was only the beginning of a Civil Rights Movement that would last a century. Malcolm X, like Martin Luther King Jr., Marcus Garvey and many more, was part of this movement. These people fought for freedom of black people and created awareness of the negative effects of racial discrimination. Proof of this is the fact that the American government feels ashamed for the past events, which is the reason why details of shameful events like slavery, hate crimes and assassinations of various black leaders are never disclosed for the people to learn more about. Slavery, for example, is a part of its history that the government constantly tries to keep hidden. Malcolm X was assassinated on February 21, 1965 at 3:10 P.M. Many people believe that the FBI might have killed him. Whether or not he was killed by the FBI or by the NOI, the information would still be disclosed. The existence of Malcolm X was therefore vital to the American l ifestyle because he was a bold man who was not afraid to speak his mind and by doing so he created consciousness of the harm that racial discrimination caused in humanity. (Goldman, 1979) Malcolm X as an Activist Malcolm X was an activist whose legacy will continue to live on for years to come. Along with other Civil Rights Movement leaders he influenced the way of life in America and today, evidence of this is seen during the month of February which

Importance of supervision in the workplace Research Paper

Importance of supervision in the workplace - Research Paper Example This small restaurant is among the favorite restaurants frequented by students from Fordham University. The menu comprises of snacks, entrees and drinks. This restaurant is unique as a buffet is located near the entrance whereby workers are line up with the main objective of providing quality service to the restaurant’s daily customers. A burrito bar is adjacent to the buffet. This burrito bar has all the items needed to make a burrito or a sandwich. The room adjacent the burrito bar towards the interior holds a machine packed with fountain beverages .This room also contains the soup and salad bar. The restaurant also contains a dining room with a table put near the register that acts as a resting place for the workers during breaks. The dining room holds three television sets with one connected near this table. It is also important to assert that the observations were performed in this area. Observation My observation for this report took four days to complete. The first thre e days of the observation were done with the absence of the head supervisor, Kimberly. Observation on the fourth day was done in the presence of Kimberly. This is attributed to the fact that Kimberly was on vacation on the first three days of the observation. Kimberly is an African American female aged twenty nine. She has a Bachelor of Science degree in Food Science, Nutrition, and Dietetics. The observation included taking notes on the different jobs as well as the special tasks that the employees were expected to carry out. The observation elucidated many jobs including cooks (four), entree servers (two), floor cleaners, pizza servers (one), salad bar runner (one), burrito makers and servers (two), cashier (one), dish washers (four), food runner (one), and student managers (eight). The work of the food runner involved transporting food from downstairs to upstairs. Gender roles As may be expected the jobs are distributed differently among the sexes. Serving and distributing food i s for the females. For instance, only females serve entree and burritos. Their job involves cutting food in distinct ways that are catching to the eyes due to their improved appearance. Mary and Jane, both from African origins were the experts in serving entree and burritos. Mary is twenty seven years old and a Kenyan while Jane is a twenty nine lady from Ghana. Both Mary and Jane have finished three years courses in catering and have both worked in this restaurant for one year. It is therefore hard to find a man serving and distributing food. On the other hand, males are involved in jobs necessitating lifting. For instance beverage worker are males are they are capable of lifting bags of syrup that are used in fountain beverage machines. Other roles associated with men include food runners since the task calls for heavy lifting at times. The floor jobs are also usually for men as they involve a lot of sweeping, moping, and lifting heavy garbage bags. One of the most respected clean er was George, a Mexican. George is forty years old, married, and a father of three. He is heralded as being one of the most behaved workers in the restaurant and has worked there for eight years. Therefore, gender roles seem to play an important aspect in deciding the duties of each and every employee. As asserted by Jeffrey and Streicher, â€Å"

Irish Taxation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Irish Taxation - Assignment Example This paper assesses the extent to which these tax measures are equitable. It also argues the ease of implementation of the measures. In addition, it discusses the societal and economic impact of the tax measures on the growth and development of Ireland. The budget states that the rates of tax for tobacco products will increase to 40 cents. This is inclusive of VAT and applies to the packet that has 20 cigarettes. The increase is in the popular category of prices and the VAT on other tobacco products to increase on a pro rata basis. The packet that weighs 25 grams will have an increase of 20 cents that is an inclusive figure of the VAT. This measure will increase the minimum rate of the Tobacco Products Rate. This tax measure has significant implications to the Irish government. The increase in tobacco taxes is an effective measure to ensure the reduction of tobacco use. This results in a decrease of the number of deaths due to the excessive use of tobacco (Cremins & Brien, 2005). From this perspective, the increase in taxes could be an equitable measure for the societal concerns. This is also evident in that the Irish government would use the revenues from such taxation to increase awareness of the negative effects of excessive use of tobacco. However, the increase is not an equitable measure of the tobacco users. It could lead to an increase in the use of illicit tobacco products due to the inability to afford legit products. The implementation of the tax measures would depend on the effectiveness of the taxation systems in Ireland. The market for the products could be hesitant to buy the products, as they will be expensive. This would decrease the revenue accrued from the purchase of the products. The country needs to develop comprehensive taxation systems that monitor the rates of tobacco taxation from the manufacturer to the retailer. The Irish government could have challenges in the

Steps of Learning to Read Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Steps of Learning to Read - Research Paper Example Recognition is by production and the ability to write alphabetic letters not necessarily in order. The primary aim is to enable the child encode sounds he/she hears. For example, writing ‘c – a – t’ to represent the sounds heard in the word â€Å"cat† (Santa, 1999).The challenge involve making the student to know how to spell out upper and lower case letters differently. Firstly, individuals are trained how to spell and sound the letters. For instance, the learners are taught on how to spell letter b.Then, the students are taught how to air the initial sounds in short words that are succeeded by the endings. The last sounds to be learned are the medial sounds heard. Learners are shown on identification and matching of the sounds heard, and then encode a letter for the sounds heard (Spufford, 1979). A learner should be able to appreciate familiar letter patterns. This may be a good strategy to learn a new word that is similar to already heard words. A better example is ball and call. Building words takes the skill further. Any young person will always learn to handle those words that keep changing and place them in a coded form. That with a new letter. A good example is the word ‘hat’. Convert a single letter to make it ‘sat’ (Darnton, 1986). The significance of Sight word vocabulary is to enable a child learn to read words that are hard to decode phonetically. A child will conceptualize and read short sentences with sight vocabulary. As time goes by the learner may be in a position to recognize the group of letters as the word (Spufford, 1979). Punctuation and capitalization are socially acceptable and are passed to learners as signals in the reading or writing process. Readers for the first time should learn to stop at a given juncture to avoid terminating a sentence before it ends. Appreciation of basic punctuation is adhered to following apostrophes to represent

Environmental Sustainability and Public Policy Research Paper

Environmental Sustainability and Public Policy - Research Paper Example But as the world now looks in retrospect, it’s evident that this growth has come at a cost. A cost which the future generations will have to bear if the respective practices pursue. Nature has provided us with the vast pool of resources that have fuelled our industrial growth alongside provision of basic sustenance materials such as food, water and air. But rampant anthropocentrism has made most industries oblivious to the consequences of growth at the expense of a degenerating ecosystem. While economists have historically acclaimed that human beings have unlimited wants but limited resources, the emphasis has lied on financial resources. Natural resources have always been thought of as being infinite. This thought has eventually led to what Garrett Hardin deemed as the Tragedy of the commons, multiple individuals acting independently and rationally consulting their own self-interest, depleting a shared resource without any consideration for the future sustainability of that r esource. This phenomenon has gained due attention from scientific circles and has inevitably transcended to political and administrative circles as well. By virtue of sharing a common environment, global initiatives are being taken to analyze the extent the environmental damages have taken place and modify the practices that need to take place. We are dependent on the environment for our survival and growth, and in return the environment requires our reciprocation for its sustenance. Facing countless environmental issues, the onus for environmental sustainability lies on governments, industries, citizens and every inhabitant of this planet; by virtue of being stakeholders. Some of the most pressing environmental issues that have surfaced include: Biodiversity: To protect ecosystems and curb extinction of species, otherwise it is bound to cause discrepancies in the natural food chain. This will automatically be a great loss for the environment and pose as a hurdle in sustainability. Climate change effects on ecosystems: The melting of glaciers and over all global biodiversity depletion is causing damage to the ecosystems as animal habitats are changing drastically. Oil pollution: Global oil mining and leaks such as the BP New Mexico leak have created massive setbacks in the animal population and permanently damaged sea beds. Several animal species are now included in the endangered species list as a consequence. Thus, it is the prime purpose of governments and environment protecting agencies to look into more environmental friendly energy sources and for now, a safer incident-free transportation system. Biosafety: To add artificial ecosystem catalizers in place of endangered species to add value back to the system and assuage the prevalent damages in the affected region. This is the least our advanced technology can do to add to the environment in place of the damages it has caused. Perhaps science and environmental sustainability can perhaps one day be known a s coexisting rather than being antonyms. Global dimming: The reflection of causes an opposite effect of global warming and doesn’t allow the sun’s heat and energy to pass though. This is known to have caused the droughts in Ethiopia. Thus, CO2 levels need to be looked at and controlled otherwise they will play

Success Is An Option I Choose Essay Example for Free

Success Is An Option I Choose Essay It is possible to be born into a successful family, but it is not possible to be born successful. The responsibility of being successful falls greatly upon me as an individual. While others can give an opinion, theory, or share their beliefs it is ultimately up to me to make my own decisions. At most I can adopt someone’s beliefs, I can imitate their actions, or even mimic their behaviors, but no one else is responsible for what happens in my life. It is up to me to put forth the hard work and dedication to reach the level of success that I desire. It is my personal responsibility to choose the path for my life and I choose success. I believe I have some good qualities that will help me to achieve my overall goal of being successful in everything that I do. The fact that I have the discipline to dedicate myself to any particular task is a great trait. While I know discipline and dedication are two great individual traits when they are combined I like to believe the meaning changes. To me it means that no matter the obstacles large or small, difficult or easy, I will stare down the face of challenges and not give in or up until my task is complete and obligation is fulfilled. The Ethical Lens Inventory (2012) says that my classical value is fortitude, â€Å"You demonstrate courage and steadiness in the face of obstacles†. This is a fair assessment of my personality. I will always fight for what I stand for and or believe in. Another trait I have that I think is important to my success is my willingness to learn from others. For every circumstance there is a negative and or positive and you I can learn from both. We have all heard the saying â€Å"You have to be a good follower to be a good leader.† There is no way you can acquire a managerial position and be good at it without being under an example of a good leader. So with the willingness to learn and the ability to be a good follower I know that I am and going to be an outstanding leader. Everyone is fallible including me, while my strengths are great qualities my weaknesses must be improved on to get where I want to go. One thing that I need to do is stop limiting myself. This might sound easy but I tend to get comfortable and settle when I feel like I’m in a good space. If I continue to settle for where I am at and not expand my vision I should expect the same outcomes. Joel Osteen’s book, Your Best Life Now (2004) stated, â€Å"You will never go beyond the barriers in your own mind. If you think you can’t do something, then you never will. The battle is in your mind. If you are defeated in your mind, you’ve already lost the battle.†(P.30). If I can’t see myself as a success, I will never be a success. Osteen (2004) stated, â€Å"Low expectations will trap you in mediocrity. You must think positive thoughts of victory, thoughts of abundance, thoughts of favor, thoughts of hope; good, pure excellent thoughts.†(p.17). That is another weakness that I have to improve on, the fact that I do not expect much is not good. I even try to justify it at times saying â€Å"If I expect the worse, then nothing bad c an happen.† I have to change that way of thinking to if I expect the worse then nothing but bad can happen. Positive thinking, positive planning, and positive action equals positive results. I have to want more for myself and not settle when I feel a little bit of comfort. As it pertains to college success it is up to me to put forth the dedication and hard work that I need to reach my goals. If I take nothing from every class I cannot blame the teacher. It is my responsibility to take what I am being taught and learn it. If I do not put forth the effort to learn it, no one else is going to be held accountable for my failures. It was a choice that I made to pursue a higher education, now it is my responsibility to keep reaching towards the finish line and achieve another goal. It is going to be my responsibility to study coarse material, and complete assignments that are given. Whereas my college success is important my family relationships also fall under something I want to be successful at. I pride myself on being a good father and a good husband, which also takes hard work, dedication to be disciplined. I want my family to be happy in their lives and also be proud of the man that I am. One more area that I want and need to be successful at is my professional life. I do not just want to make a lot of money; I want to be happy with what it is that I’m doing professionally. I’ve witness someone going to work at the same time every day, with the same attitude, not wanting to do it, but the pay was good. That is something that I am not willing to settle for. Keeping my family happy, being successful in my college studies and being successful in my professional life are three thing that I am focus on right now. I have made it my personal choice to be successful in all that I do. Therefore I have to make it my personal responsibility to not give up on   my dreams, goals, and ideas. I have identified my weakness and dedicated to improving them to better my efforts. I understand that my strengths can become weaknesses if I do not continue to work at them. Limiting myself is a big issue; I need to be courageous and jump knowing that there is a possibility that I will fall on my face, but if I don’t great things will happen. I know that I will face challenges, Osteen (2004) stated, â€Å"Certainly, none of us enjoy going through struggles, but you have to understand that your struggle may be an opportunity for advancement and promotion.†(p.210). I am committed to my success, bring on every obstacle, every challenge, I will press forward to my goal and face them with courage. I will never give up, submit, or accept defeat, I choose to be successful. Nothing is going to barricade me from my destination, as long as I continue to work on myself, who I’m personally responsible for. Bibliography Ethical Lens Inventory Report. (2012). Osteen, J. (2004). Your Best Life Now. New York, NY: Time Warner Book Group.

Kilarjian v. Vastola Essay Example for Free

Kilarjian v. Vastola Essay Plaintiff’s contended that the difference in the financing costs they experience because of the delay should be presented as damages because the breach by defendants will result in a higher financing cost. Also, plaintiffs strongly stress the breach of contract because they suffered costs and attorney’s fees as well as financing costs for the delay in acquiring a second mortgage obligation; Defendant’s delay should be calculated as damages for plaintiffs. On June 15, 2004, plaintiffs real estate attorney forwarded a time-of-the-essence letter to defendants, setting a closing date of June 25, 2004. Defendants failed to close and are not willing to close on the property. Defendants do not dispute the weight of the contract. However, Mrs. Vastolas spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) began to accelerate. In defense of their position, defendants provided a letter from Mrs. Vastolas doctor, Mark J. Brown, which explained that SMA is a progressive neurological condition that, as a result, disables her from all daily activities because of her arms and legs are weak which results in putting Mrs. Vastola in no condition to sell her house and move. Correspondingly the defendants argue that since the time they signed the contract for the sale of the home, Mrs. Vastola’s conditions become increasingly worse, should excuse the performance in proceeding with the sale of their house. Besides the plaintiffs were well aware of Mrs. Vastola’s condition when they signed the contract. Defendants also advise the court that finances are tight and they should not be responsible for an increase in mortgage rates considering the situation the Vastola’s have recently encountered. Issue: In this case is it acceptable for the court to award costs to the plaintiffs for legal charges and land fees but also void the breach of contract, by the defendant, considering the physical health of the defendant, even if the contract was signed before the defendant was  diagnosed with SMA? Decision: Yes. Plaintiffs are entitled to reimbursement for costs associated with the breach of contract. Compensatory damages are intended to recompense the injured claimant for losses due to the breach. However, a defendant is not chargeable for a loss that he did not have reason to foresee as a probable result of the breach when the contract was made. The specific elements to be applied in any given case of a sellers breach of an executory agreement to sell realty may vary in order to achieve the broad purposes of damages. If the buyer subsequently purchased another property financed at a higher interest, the rate interest differential occasioned by the sellers default might be a proper factor to consider in fixing damages. Overall plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment is hereby denied because of the defendant’s substantial evidence to reinforce the defendant’s illness. Reason: The court is sympathetic to the difficulty of the plaintiffs, who apparently had their heart set on this house and have been waiting for a closing date but this court will consider documentations of interest rates on their mortgage, as well as the out of pocket expenses and attorney fees associated with the breach, so that the court can award costs accordingly to the plaintiffs. Nevertheless, the court would render a heartless judgment to evict a woman whose health has deteriorated badly while the contract was pending and wishes nothing more than to remain in her home during the most difficult days of her illness.

Identifying the characteristics of crisis communication

Identifying the characteristics of crisis communication The study begins through identifying the characteristics of crisis communication. In doing so a comparison was carried out with the marketing communication characteristics. During the next phase a discussion was carried out to identify the ways in which crisis communication need to be managed and through examples (Child labour and sweat shop scandal in Cambodia with regard to GAP Nike, Johnson Johnson Tylenol crisis ) impact of crisis communication on co-operate reputation was critically analyzed. The next chapter focused on the current crisis communication practices at MAS Intimates, where an in-depth discussion was carried out with the Manager Sustainability and Communication at MAS Intimates. Further analysis on of readiness level and future potential crisis which MAS Intimates might face in was discussed. The way in which the process could be evaluated was discussed. In the final chapter recommendations were given in order to improve on the Crisis communication at MAS Intimates . What is Crisis Communication? Organizations each day might face various types of potential crisis situations such as, workplace violence, explosions/fires, harmful products and management misconduct etc. The term crisis communication could be defined as, Not necessarily catastrophic event, but rather an event that, left to usual business processes, cases significant reputational, operational and financial harm (Doorley Gracial, 2007) The most challenging part of crisis communication management is reacting with the right response quickly. This is because behavior always precedes communication. Non-behavior or inappropriate behavior leads to spin, not communication (James E. Lukaszewski) Characteristics of crisis communication To analyze the characteristics of crisis communication its wise to do a comparison with marketing communication based on factors such as, target audience, communication objectives, lead time, communication tools message type. The following table denotes a comparison between crisis communication and marketing communications. a) Target Group (TG) In crisis communication, it may target many stakeholders or a specialized set of group, where it would depend based on the nature of the crisis which an organization faces. In marketing communication it generally targets the customers, competitors and channel members. (Retailers, suppliers etc) b) Communication objectives The objectives of crisis communication would be, reduce threat/risk to the business, diffuse crisis situations (Inform and persuade) where as in marketing communication the main objectives would be to differentiate and remind) c) Lead time Lead time for crisis communication would be extremely low. (Reacts as a when it happens) but in marketing communication activates are well pre planed. (Higher respond time) d) Communication tools In crisis communications depending on the nature of the crisis the organization may use broadcast or narrowcast to communicate with its stakeholders. But generally in crisis communications tools such as PR articles websites will be used. In marketing communications tools such as, TV, radio and news papers are commonly used. e) Message type During crisis communication, the message which is been communicated need to be impartial, rational, factual and direct, where as in MC the message generally tend to be vague indirect. f) Budget In MC it much more easy to determine the budgets where as in crisis communication its a bit hard to determine a budget as it may differ based on the nature of the crisis. Finally it needs to be stated the crisis communication is distinctly different from routine communication carried out by the company. Therefore it requires a different type of approach. Managing Crisis communication A corporate reputation is a valuable asset (Fombrun and van Riel, 2004). A crisis is a threat to the corporate reputation and crisis communication (Crisis response) can be integral parts of repairing that harm/protecting the reputational assets (Barton, 2001; Benoit, 1995). As mentioned above the characteristics identified (TG, communication objectives, lead time, communication tools, message type and budgets) are distinctly different from the way in which the routine communication is handled at MAS Intimates. Due to this mismatch it s important to identify the way in which to manage the above characteristics during a crisis situation. Firstly its important to have a solid plan, identify who are the stake holder group gets affected, developed contingency plans, allocate resources (sufficient budgets and man power), whose the team (Its not wise to depend on the routine people, therefore MAS need to provide necessary training and expertise to the relevant individuals), Identify which external parties would assist MAS Intimates, what are the media options, and to stimulate or rehearse the crisis plan for a crisis situation etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Impact of crisis communication on co-operate reputation Crises damage the reputation and such changes can affect how stakeholders interact with the organization (Barton, 2001;  Dowling, 2002). It need to be stated if an organization manages crisis communication in a ineffective manner it would make the crisis situation worse where as managing effectively would give the organization the opportunity to face the crisis successfully and convert it to a positive opportunity. Negative Scenario In identifying the impact on reputation one could use the crisis which GAP and Nike experienced during its allegation for breaking its strict code of conducts and anti sweat shop rules which was investigated by Panaroma. (BBC) The two internationally successful brands claim that regular monitoring ensures that most factories are free of unethical practices. But the Panaroma team uncovered sweatshop working conditions and child labour in textile factory in Cambodia which produces GAP and Nike garments. The news evoked the customers (University students in Oregon who lived near Nike and Gap head offices) in United of States, where they not only started to protest and reticulate on anti sweat shops claims against the Nike owner (Its suppose to be the biggest protest movement in US since Vietnam) Impact on crisis communication in GAP Nike reputation During the investigations it was clearly evident that both these companies knowingly have breached its code of conduct, as a result they have mislead its customers the promises given on anti sweat shop practices and banning child labour in its manufacturing process It was evident the spokes personnel addressed the media in this aspect didnt disclosed the exact ground situation. Instead they made an attempt to cover the existing situation by sighting vague excuses, which will no doubt cast a question in respect of the credibility with regard to GAP Nike, and as a result it will create a negative impact in terms of companys reputation. To avoid misunderstanding and confusion, organizations need to direct the publics attention to credible sources and ensure they hear the truth (Taylor, 2006). Positive scenario In 1992, Johnson and Johnson Tylenol medication commanded 35% of US over the counter market analysis. The SKU was doing growing rapidly and it showed 15% of the company profits. Crisis hits Johnson and Johnson Unfortunately at a stage where the company sales were blossoming an individual succeeded in lacing drugs with cyanide. As a result seven people died of it and there were rumors spreading due to contamination in the drug were causing the deaths. At the end of the episode every one in US knew Tylenol was associated with the allegation. As a result of it company market value dropped by $1 billion (Impact towards the company reputation) the share price dipped drastically. Impact on crisis communication in Johnson and Johnson reputation a) They responded quickly by complete openness and immediately removed any source, that would bring a threat by with out waiting for any evidence from other states. b) Having acted quickly they ensured every measurement was taken to avoid any similar future occurrences. (Providing a tame proof packaging) c) Willingness to share the cost on behalf of customer safety Finally its important to note the crisis communication has a clear bearing on co-operate reputation. Therefore it needs to be managed properly to reduce impact from a crisis. Readiness level for crisis communication Problems are inescapable in the dynamics of the twenty-first century, but it does not mean tackling them is insurmountable. Eliasson and Kreuter (2000) argues, one major complication with crisis is how to define the actual crisis variable. In doing so, the following criterias need to be assessed to check the readiness level of an organization to tackle any crisis situation. They are identification of the crisis, assessment of crisis in terms of impact, likelihood, which stakeholders get affected, planning and action, team appointed, spokesperson, training of people, tools and equipment internal communication. Potential crisis Readiness level at MAS Intimates As mentioned above the organization has position it self as a supplier who produces guilt free garments to its world renowned customers. In doing so, one could state that MAS is anticipating crisis in terms of providing guilt free garments though they havent experience or rehearsed any crisis to-date. Apart from it MAS are prone to expose in to crisis such as, loss of quality suppliers, physical injuries during production, workplace violence, explosions/fires, management misconduct etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ In analyzing the readiness level presently at MAS Intimates majority of the criterias mentioned above are not put in to practice. For an example MAS doesnt posses a specific team to manage any crisis situation, lack of a senior spokes person with media credibility, no proper crisis plan or a process a structured program to train personnel. Finally it needs to be stated the readiness level at MAS Intimates to face a crisis is at a lower state. Going forward the gaps identified need to be mitigated if MAS are to manage crisis in an effective manner. Evaluating the effectiveness of the Crisis Management Plan (CMP) A CMP would present a list of contact information, reminders of what generally should be done in a crisis and it helps to develop the crisis response. A CMP is not a step-by-step guide on how to manage a crisis, where Barton (2001), Coombs (2007a), and Fearn-Banks (2001) have noted how a CMP saves time by pre planning tasks, collecting information prior to the crisis, and serving as a guiding source. Once MAS Intimates execute its Crisis Management Plan its important to evaluate the effectiveness of it. In doing, so MAS Intimates could use the following criterias to evaluate the effectiveness of its crisis plan. They are, a) Early warning systems This is the ability to monitor and identify the crisis. Its the responsibility of the appointed team to monitor the internal and external environment on a consistent basis. Identify the scale of the crisis When a crisis is detected by the crisis management team its important to analyze the level of impact the reaction of each and every stakeholder group. The plan should be flexible to cover the scope of the crisis. d) Respond time Its one of the critical criterias in which MAS needs to consider when they are measuring the effectiveness of the crisis plan. It could measure through how fast the plan reacts to the crisis and to get through to your stakeholders. Ex- Johnson and Johnson were able to react fast and as a result they were able to get over the Tylenol crisis within a period of five months. e) Ability to influence stakeholder opinion This is the extent to which the plan could influence the stakeholder opinion in favour of MAS Intimates. Media Comments This refers to the way in which the media reacts to the crisis situation. Ideally the crisis plan need to make sure that majority of the communication tools need to provide positive comments in favour of MAS during and post crisis. Post crisis reputation Its the extent to which the crisis plan has influenced the crisis situation. The evaluation will be done based on, The level of improvement, Has it worsen the situation Is the situation remains the same Recommendations The following suggestions are recommended to improve the crisis communication at MAS Intimates. a) Internal communication Employees are perhaps the most important stakeholders during a crisis, where poor internal communication could undermine the efforts to manage a crisis externally. For example lack of trust, employee turnover and poor customer relations would make the crisis even worse if its not properly managed. The following practices; are recommended to improve the internal communication at MAS Intimates. They are, set up crisis communication channels, desktop alerts, message reporting tools, use social media to listen to your employees, setup target audience in advance, carry out scenario planning and plan messages ahead, provide pocket guide, have crisis communication maps etc(Paste posters on the wall) b) Recruitment of a PR agency Its important to recruit a PR urgency which would be very useful in a crisis situation for MAS. It would help MAS to link with other media communication channels specially in executing PR articles, and developing media strategies to counter attack or defend against a crisis situation. Media Relation Media relation experts are often criticized for the ability to craft stories spin stories in favor of the relevant party. So its critical for MAS Intimates to build a strong relationship with the relevant media channels and media houses. The following techniques could be used by MAS intimates to create a strong bondage with the media personnel. Carry out proper research and prepare Always admit the truth Meet in person -One on one face to face goes along way in media relation. For an example Coca Cola used to take its media personnel for lunch or invite for it cocktail gatherings. Be available for 24/7 Appoint a designated person to handle calls receiving from media channels Finding new ways to communicate Co-operate blogs, message and business networks. d) Training The nature of training would vary based on the crisis. In providing training MAS could use techniques such as stimulations, mock ups, media training, mock plays, sharing best practices carried out by other companys etc. e) Spokesperson A spokesman would play a critical role in a crisis situation as the team need to prepare themselves to talk to the news media. In doing so MAS Intimates need to recruit or train a spokesman to tackle the media pressure during crisis. Lerbinger (1997), Feran-Banks (2001), and Coombs (2007a) devote considerable attention to media relations in a crisis. Proposed article will be published in the Marketer and LMD magazine which would be read by leading business professionals and business students.

Film Adaptation of Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex Essay -- blind by ignorance,

â€Å"You are your own enemy† (Guthrie, Oedipus Rex, 22:43). In the film adaptation of Sophocles’ â€Å"Oedipus Rex† (1957), Sir Tyrone Guthrie portrays the characters as truth seekers that are ignorant when trying to find King Laius’ murderer. On the other hand, Sigmund Freud’s hypothesis of Sophocles’ work introduces us to â€Å"The Oedipus Complex† (1899) which states that as we’re young we grow infatuated with our opposite sex parent and feel resentment towards our same-sex parent. These two pieces have adapted mirror like meanings of Sophocles’ tragic play. Sir Tyrone Guthrie and Sigmund Freud explore this through the use of ethos, irony, social distance, and the visualization of state of mind in order to show the manifestation Oedipus undergoes living with his â€Å"mix of killing and unimagined shame† (Guthrie, Oedipus Rex, 21:19). Though the answer is in front of Oedipus, he wears a mask that protects him from the answers he does not want to believe is true. To begin with, Oedipus is his own tragedy since his actions and decisions are the reasons why he was not able to thoroughly see his mistakes. Sir Tyrone Guthrie places Oedipus in the middle of the town to begin the interrogation of finding the murderer of King Laius so the city can be unwind of its plague. Sir Tyrone Guthrie does this on purpose so the audience and the servants around him can see the foolish mistakes their great King achieves. Tiresias, the blind prophet who can see the past, present, and future, speaks to Oedipus, since Tiresias has the ability to only see the truth. Even though the audience can see that Oedipus is not taking any consideration of the prophet’s words when Tiresias directly yells to him that Oedipus is the â€Å"murderer [he] [seeks],† the ignorant side of Oe... ...now where he was â€Å"†¦in calamity,† seeking the truth to stop the plague was in his good intentions but his unconscious mask would not let him see the answers (Sophocles, Oedipus the King, 425). It is the reason why â€Å"most young people outgrow the compulsion† for their parent â€Å"and thereafter repress it† which is why Oedipus was unknowingly his own disaster (Jacobus 476). Works Cited Freud, Sigmund. "The Oedipus Complex." A World of Ideas: Essential Readings for College Writers. By Lee A. Jacobus. 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2010. 475-85. Print. Oedipus Rex. Dir. Tyrone Guthrie. By Sophocles and William B. Yeats. Perf. Douglas Campbell and Eleanor Stuart. YouTube. YouTube, 01 Feb. 2013. Web. 07 Feb. 2014. . Sophocles. Oedipus the King. Trans. David Grene. 1st ed. Chicago & London: University of Chicago, 2010. Print.

Strategies for Reviving the Japanese Economy :: essays papers

Strategies for Reviving the Japanese Economy Introduction 1. Assessment of the Current Economy The Japanese economy has begun to show some signs of change as the effects of recent large-scale economic packages have gradually helped to stop the severe economic downturn. But despite this progress, private demand as a whole remains stagnant. Therefore, the economic prospects for self-supported recovery are still uncertain once the economic effects of the last packages have phased out. The fundamental problems pertinent to the weak economy are twofold. First, the true adjustment of the burst of the bubble economy is still insufficient. Second, against the background of the sharp decline in the number of births and the rapid aging of the population, the pace of which has not been experienced in other industrialized nations, the "Japanese system"--the engine of the country's astonishing high growth in the postwar era--has turned problematic with regard to economic growth. First, fears about employment prospects, future pension plans, and the sharp rise in government deficits are obviously restraining an economic turnaround. These fears are attributable to eroding sustainability in the Japanese-style wage and employment systems and the generous social security system. To cope with the situation, provisions of renewed safety nets are urgently needed. Furthermore, the rising fiscal deficits are restraining economic upturn by making people serious about future tax hikes and raising long-term interest rates. Measures to restore government fiscal balances in the medium and long term are also required. Second, the Japanese social system, which has looked highly on across-the-board equality, has generated a bloated public sector and inefficient resource allocation. Typical examples are excessive regulation, overprotection, lack of self-reliance, and the "convoy" system. To cope with these problems, a new system needs to be built in which all production factors such as capital, labor, and land should be best allocated in a more efficient way through fundamental reforms in the public sector and full utilization of the market mechanism. Third, a Japanese management style that depends on unrealized capital gains has become obsolete by international standards, and has made the new challenge difficult. The Japanese financial system of indirect financial intermediation, which is based on land as collateral, has been malfunctioning. A new business management as well as a new financial system that will fit the Japanese economy in the 21st century need to be established early, so that the abundant savings of Japan are best mobilized for economic development in the next century.

Genetic Enhancement of a Child’s Memory: A Search for a Private and Pub

Genetic Enhancement of a Child’s Memory: A Search for a Private and Public Morality ABSTRACT: Prospects of human genetic modification raise the question of genetic enhancement of memory. A moral framework that takes into account the tension between the roles of parent and citizen on the question of genetically enhancing a child’s memory is presented. Weaknesses of both moral liberalism and moral communitarianism are addressed: a tyranny of a powerful minority of liberalism, while a tyranny of orthodoxy and a tyranny of perfectionism plague different forms of communitarianism. A position is advanced that draws on the strengths of both a Rawlsian form of contractarianism and a moderate version of communitarianism. I argue that genetic enhancements of memory in children pose such serious wrongs and threats to general well-being that the practice should be decided from behind a Rawlsian veil of ignorance. With the cards down, as Ronald Green describes the veil of ignorance, a basic right to nondiscrimination on the basis of genotype would be negotiated. With this right in place, conflicts between the parental role and the role of citizen would be managed by the negotiated prohibition of parental decisions genetically to enhance the memory of children. Let me imagine myself some years from now as a citizen and a parent — who also happens to be a philosophy teacher — facing the question of whether I should choose various enhancements for my young child. Orthodontics, music lessons, soccer leagues, and genetic enhancement of an average memory are among the practices I am considering. I soon discover an internal tension. Ronald Green, in an article called "The Rawls Game," (Teaching Philosophy, 1986, 9:1, 51-60) provides an el... ...eligious intolerance, new definitions of what it means to be a human person have been created. In a hypothetical, unanimous agreement to prohibit genetic enhancement of a child’s memory I would join a citizenry that exercises parental autonomy and — in the face of a volatile new technology — defines a new way of understanding what it means to be a human parent. My choice as a parent to serve as a link between past and future human generations prompts me to pursue a perspective of fairness in the application of this new technology — a technology that incorporates self-interest and benevolence but makes neither self-interest nor benevolence my primary motivation as a parent. I could tell a coherent story to my child if I were able to relate to that, with the cards down, people unanimously placed genetic enhancement of a child’s average memory off the political agenda.

Venice Commentary

Tyler Every March 25, 2013 Written Commentary 6: Venice by Jan Morris The author’s purpose is to describe the setting by contrasting her culture to Venice and by using irony to display the people, surroundings and daily life. A mother who just started living in Venice is telling us about the setting and her life in Venice. She uses irony, humor and contrast to build the imagery of the city and people. Throughout the passage the author uses irony to convey the surroundings and the image that the city is not somewhere you would want to live in.The irony of her arguments is that her reasoning in why Venice isn’t a pleasant city to live in, because it is â€Å"inescapably urban,† (line 8) and that there are no gardens for kids to play. A worthy excerpt is â€Å"It is not altogether an easy city for children to live in. It has no dangerous traffic and few unspeakable rascals; but Venice is inescapably urban, and only lucky children with gardens, or with parents indul gent enough to take them to the distant park, have somewhere green to play† (Lines 7-9).She uses false dilemma by focusing only on the black and white of Venice. She focuses on that Venice has no garden, so that she still misses her culture and country. She focuses only on the immoral instead of the safety or great things about Venice. She sees Venice being inescapably urban as a gigantic dilemma while she says it is a rigid city to live in; it has no dangerous traffic and rascals. Here the mother uses sarcasm to present humor during the passage. The protagonist also uses irony when describing actions, people and the setting.Morris uses two words in pair like sickly intensity, unashamed delight, exquisitely ludicrously, inescapably urban, blithe pathetic, lugubriously assure, dauntingly spotless and frighteningly well informed. Using two words that are opposite, Morris creates irony. By juxtaposing these words, Morris also creates imagery. It creates an image of what the mothe r sees as an outsider. Through her eyes we see Venice as a city filled with buildings and houses and no green gardens because of the surrounding buildings.The author uses detail and diction to indicate her attitude toward the Venetian people. She does this mostly in the first and second paragraph. â€Å"Venetian mothers show signs of instant cardiac crisis if little Giorgio ventures within six feet of water† (line 2-3), she makes fun of venetian mothers by pointing out that they will have a cardiac crisis when their children are close to the water, they are to over protective of their children. The humor in this is that Venice, Italy is surrounded by water, and so Venetian mothers would be losing their cool for their little Giorgio.With these details and diction, she is making a mockery of the Venetian people. â€Å"Venetian children are exquisitely, if sometimes rather ludicrously dressed: the minutest little baby girls† (lines 3-4), minutest means extremely small, by using repetition, the author is emphasizing the point that the mother doesn’t like the Venetians because she criticizes them throughout the passage. Using exquisitely and ludicrously who are on complete other spectrums in terms of meaning. The children are beautiful, but at times foolish. Blithe but pathetic are the groups of urchins to be found entertaining themselves† (line 10) blithe and pathetic are two contrasting words. The mother also stoops so low by calling the children urchins again going to mischievous and raggedly dressed. The author also uses humor to appeal to our sense and keeping us attracted. Humor is present in â€Å"When the Doge’s palace was burnt in 1479, the only record left of Petrarch’s inscriptions upon the walls was the notebook of Marin Sanudo, who had taken the trouble to copy them down when inspecting the palace at the age of eight. He went on to write a history of the world in fifty-five volumes)† (lines 30-33). It mad e me laugh the thought of seeing little Giorgio next to the water while his mother loses her cool. The last two sentences leave us with a wisecrack about the Venetians. When the Doge’s Palace burnt they had no copies of Petrarch’s inscriptions except the one of a child’s notebook. It is hilarious to think that they had to copy someone’s notebook’s writing or put that as their historical record. Also saying that this kid went on to write the history of the world in fifty-five volumes is absurd.Who would ever do this? The mother leaves us with this remark again mocking the Venetians for their â€Å"lack of intellect and absurdity† and reliance on a kid’s notebook. When reading that this kid later writes the history in fifty-five volumes, the author creates this image that the Venetians lack the purity of Petrarch’s records and that their claimed knowledge from the child’s notebook might be terribly wrong. Thus, leaving us laughing at the Venetians and proving her point of mockery.

Automobile Industry in Oman

No. 8 24 January 2012 GLOBAL FLOWS OF FOREIGN DIRECT enthronization EXCEEDING PRE-CRISIS LEVELS IN 2011, DESPITE uproar IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY HIGHLIGHTS contempt turmoil in the world-wide economic system, planetary contrasted direct enthronement funds (FDI) inflows blush wine by 17 per penny in 2011, to US$1. 5 trillion, surpassing their pre-crisis comely, base on UNCTAD estimates (figure 1). embark 1. global FDI flows, average cc5 2007 and 2007 to 2011 (Billions of US dollars) 1 969 1 744 1 480 1 472 1 180 1 290 1 509 740 0 pre-crisis average 2005-2007 2007 2008 2009 2010* 2011** starting time UNCTAD. * Revised. * Preliminary estimates. FDI inflows appendd in alone in each(prenominal) study(ip) economic groupings develop, develop and modulation economies Developing and alteration economies bear upond to narrative for one-half of spheric FDI in 2011 as their inflows reached a new record high, at an estimated US$755 jillion, determined generally by robust greenfield enthronizations. In this group, the 2011 out harvest in FDI flows was no longer driven by entropy, eastmost and southeastward Asia (which motto an increase of 11 per centime), but rather by Latin the States and the Caribbean (increase of 35 per cent) and by transit economies (31 per cent).Africa, the region with the most least(prenominal) actual countries (LDCs), continued its decline in FDI inflows. FDI flows to developed countries oerly ruddiness by 18 per cent, but the growth was more often than not due to cross-border merger and acquisitions (M&As), not the much-needed coronation in productive assets through greenfield enthronisation projects. Moreover, set out of the M&A deals start to be driven by incarnate restructurings and a focus on meaning activities, specially in Europe. Looking forward, UNCTAD estimates that FDI flows will countermand mode grazely in 2012, to virtually US$1. trillion. However, the tweakward suckly impetus in FDI pr ojects over the final tie of 2011 indicates that the risks and uncertainties for further FDI growth in 2012 bear on in place. Global FDI flows rose in 2011, surpassing their pre-crisis level Global FDI inflows rose in 2011 by 17 per cent comp ard with 2010, despite the economic and financial crisis. The jump of FDI was widespread, including all third major groups of economies developed, developing and alteration though the reasons for this increase differed across the globe (see below).During 2011, many countries continued to see policy changes aimed at further liberalizing and facilitating FDI foundation and operations, but overly introduced new measures regulation FDI (see UNCTADs investment funds Policy Monitor). UNCTADs world(a) FDI quarterly index remained steady during 2011, underscoring the increase stability of flows witnessed during the year. Unlike unusual portfolio flows that subscribe dramatically started to decline in the trey quarter of 2011, FDI flows ma intained their upward trends at least until this period (figure 2).However, as front information from cross-border M and greenfield investment projects suggest, FDI flows argon expected to slow down in the fourth quarter of 2011. Figure 2. UNCTADs worldwide FDI quarterly index compargond with world-wide foreign portfolio investment index , stolon gear quarter 2007 to expire quarter 2011 (Base snow quarterly average of 2005) 350 300 250 200 FDI 150 hundred Foreign portfolio investment 50 0 Q1 50 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 nose candy origination UNCTAD. Notes The Global FDI Quarterly list is based on quarterly data of FDI inflows for 67 countries.The index has been graduated so that the average of quarterly flows in 2005 is kindred to 100. The similar index for global foreign portfolio investment is also based on quarterly data of portfolio investment inflows for the like 67 countries. This index has also been cal ib prized so that the average of quarterly flows in 2005 is equivalent to 100. Figures for the stick up quarter of 2011 are UNCTAD estimates. After three years of concomitant decline, FDI flows to developed countries grew robustly in 2011, stretchiness an estimate US$753 meg, 18 per cent up from 2010.While FDI flows to Europe increased by 23 per cent, flows to the get together States declined by 8 per cent (annex 1). These trends stand in dim contrast with the preceding(prenominal) year, which maxim a buckram recovery in the unify States and a continuing decline in Europe. Large-scale swings (from contraction in 2010 to blowup in 2011 or vice versa) were also observed for a number of major FDI receiving systems, including Denmark, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the united nation. Ireland witnessed a large increase in FDI flows due entirely to uprightness and debt movements in the financial sector.The stand up in FDI in developed economies, mainly in European countries, was driven by crossborder M which in most cases appear to be driven by corporate restructuring, stabilization and rationalization of their operations, improving their ceiling employ and reducing the costs. Rising crossborder M in developed countries were break-dancely due to the bargain of non-core assets (e. g. Carrefour SA of France completed the spin-off of its Distribuidora Internacional de Alimentacion in Spain for US$3. billion), and targeted opportunistic deals due to the overturn currency surveys and fire gross revenue ca utilize by lower prices of stock tack markets. However, these general trends were not shared evenly by all developed countries. For example, FDI in Greece and Germany was down, but up in Italy and France. The differences also manifested themselves among different FDI components (figure 3). In the majority of developed countries, the share of equity investment declined to little than 40 per cent reinvested earnings accounted for or so half of FDI flows while opposite crownwork flows (primarily intra-company loans) increased.In Europe alone, these debt flows swung from -(minus) US$25 billion in the offshoot three canton of 2010 to +US$36 billion in the same period in 2011, reflecting set up firms responses to the financial difficulties faced by their European affiliates. Figure 3. FDI inflows by components for 27 selected developed countries, average 20052007 and 20072011 (Percentage) 100 80 60 40 20 0 bonnie 2005-2007 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Q1-Q3 Equity flows Reinvested earnings Other capital flows Source UNCTAD.Notes Selected developed countries included hither Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, japan, Latvia, Lithuania, malta, the sort outherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, the united dry land and the coupled States. entropy for 2011 cover the first three quarters only. Deve loping and transition economies continued to absorb half of global FDI inflows in 2011, though with a about smaller share than in the previous year.FDI flows to developing Asia (excluding west Asia) the principal number one wood of the dynamic cut of developing and transition economies decelerated as the region suffered from the protracted crisis in Europe. On the other hand, Latin the States and the transition economies saw a probative rise in inflows, though not enough to increase the share of all developing countries and transition economies in global flows. FDI flows to developing Asia (excluding West Asia) rose 11 per cent in 2011, despite a slowing down in the latter(prenominal) part of the year.By subregion, eastside Asia, South-East Asia and South Asia received inflows of a bike US$209 billion, US$92 billion and US$43 billion, individually. With a 16 per cent increase, South-East Asia continued to outperform East Asia in growth of FDI, while South Asia saw its inflows rise by one -third afterwards a slide in 2010. The grievous performance of South-East Asia, which encompasses the Association of selenium Asian Nations (ASEAN) as a whole, was driven by sharp increases of FDI inflows in a number of countries, including Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand.FDI to China rose by 8 per cent to an estimated US$124 billion (US$116 billion in the non-financial sector) as a result of increasing flows to non-financial services, though FDI growth in the country slowed down in the last two months of 2011. FDI to Latin the States and the Caribbean rose an estimated 35 per cent in 2011, to US$216 billion, despite a 31 per cent drop of the regions cross-border M&A gross revenue. Most of the FDI growth occurred in brazil nut, Colombia and inshore financial centres.Foreign investors continue to find ingathering in South Americas endowment of ingrained resources, and they are increasingly attracted by the regions expanding consumer markets. curiously attractive are brazil-nut trees market size and its strategic position that brings other uphill markets much(prenominal) as Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Peru within diffused reach. In addition, uncertainty in the global financial market served to boost flows to the regions offshore financial centres. The fall in FDI flows to Africa in 2009 and 2010 continued into 2011, though at a much slower rate.The recovery in flows to South Africa did not offset the of import fall in FDI flows to North Africa Egypt, Libya and Tunisia all witnessed sharp declines in FDI flows during the year. Central and East Africa experienced overall decreases in secret investment flows. West and Southern Africa, meanwhile, saw robust growth during the year. West Asia witnessed a 13 per cent decline in FDI flows to an estimated US$50 billion in 2011. Turkey stood out as an exception, with internal FDI registering a strong 45 per cent increase to US$13 billion, mainly due to a sharp rise in cross-border M&As gros s revenue.This searesced the countrys position as the regions second largest FDI recipient behind Saudi Arabia, where FDI dropped by 44 per cent, to an estimated US$16 billion in 2011. Transition economies of South-East Europe and the landed estate of Independent States (CIS) experienced a strong recovery of 31 per cent in their FDI inflows in 2011. This was mainly due to a number of large cross-border deals in the Russian partnership targeting the energy industry. Investors were also motivate by the continued growth of topical anaesthetic consumer markets and by a new round of privatizations.Diverging trends in FDI modes accentuated in 2011 Cross-border M&As rose sharply in 2011 especially mid-year as deals announced in after-hours 2010 came to fruition (figure 4). Rising M&A practise, especially in the form of megadeals, in developed countries and transition economies served as the major driver for this increase. The extractive industry was targeted by a number of importa nt deals in twain regions, while a sharp rise in pharmaceutical M&As took place in developed countries. M&As in developing economies trim slightly in value.New deal activity began to falter in the middle part of the year as the number of announcements tumbled dramatically. effected deals, which follow announcements roughly by half a year, also started to slow down by years end. Figure 4. Value of cross-border M&A sales and greenfield investment projects, First quarter 2007 to last quarter 2011 (Billions of dollars) vitamin D 450 cd 350 $ billion 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Q1 Q2 Q3 2007 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 2008 M&A value Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 2010 Q2 Q3 Q4 2011 2009 Greenfield value Source UNCTAD.Note selective information for the last quarter of 2011 are preliminary. Greenfield investment projects, in contrast, declined in value impairment for the third straight year, despite a strong performance in the first quarter (figure 4). As these projects are registered on an announcemen t basis, their performance largely coincides with investor judgement during a given period. Thus, their tumble in value terms beginning in the second quarter of the year was strongly linked with move up concerns about the perpetration of the global economy and events in Europe.For the year as a whole, the value of greenfield investment projects dropped 3 per cent, compared with the previous year, with nearly three quarters of this decline occurring in developed countries. Greenfield investment projects in developing and transition economies rose slightly in 2011, accountancy for about two thirds of the total value of greenfield investment projects (annex 1). FDI prospects for 2012 cautiously optimistic base on the current prospects of underlying factors, such as GDP growth and gold holdings by transnational corporations (TNCs), UNCTAD estimates that FDI flows will rise moderately in 2012, to around US$1. trillion. However, the fragility of the world economy, with growth toug hened by the debt crisis, the uncertainties surrounding the future of the euro and rising financial market turbulence, will let an impact on FDI flows in 2012. two cross-border M&As and greenfield investments slipped in the last quarter of 2011. M&A announcements continue to be weak, suggesting that equity investment part of FDI flows will slow down in 2012, especially in developed countries. any these factors indicate that the risks and uncertainties for further FDI growth in 2012 remain in place.Annex 1. FDI inflows, cross-border M&As, and greenfield investment by region and major economy, 20102011 (Billions of US dollars) a Host region / economy 2010 World 1 289. 7 demonstrable economies 635. 6 Europe 346. 8 European Union 314. 1 Austria 3. 8 Belgium 72. 0 Czech Republic 6. 8 Denmark 1. 8 Finland 6. 9 France 33. 9 Germany 46. 1 Greece 0. 4 Ireland 26. 3 Italy 9. 2 Luxembourg 20. 3 lollyherlands 13. 5 Poland 9. 7 Portugal 1. 5 Spain 24. 5 Sweden 1. 2 joined commonwealth 51 . 8 unify States 228. 2 Japan 1. 3 Developing economies 583. 9 54. Africa Egypt 6. 4 Nigeria 6. 1 South Africa 1. 2 Latin America and the Caribbean 160. 8 Argentina 7. 0 Brazil 48. 4 Chile 15. 1 Colombia 6. 8 Mexico 19. 6 Peru 7. 3 368. 4 Asia and Oceania West Asia 58. 2 Turkey 9. 1 South, East and South-East Asia 308. 7 China 114. 7 Hong Kong, China 68. 9 India 24. 6 Indonesia 13. 3 Malaysia 9. 1 capital of Singapore 38. 6 Thailand 5. 8 South-East Europe and CIS 70. 2 Russian Federation 41. 2 Source UNCTAD. a b FDI inflows b 2011 Growth rate (%) 1 508. 6 17. 0 753. 2 18. 5 425. 7 22. 8 414. 4 31. 9 17. 9 366. 3 41. 1 -42. 5. 0 -25. 9 17. 8 .. 0. 5 -92. 2 40. 0 18. 1 32. 3 -30. 0 0. 8 .. 53. 0 101. 3 33. 1 261. 0 27. 2 33. 8 5. 3 .. 14. 2 46. 7 4. 4 203. 3 25. 0 1. 9 22. 0 .. 77. 1 49. 0 210. 7 -7. 7 1. 3 .. 663. 7 13. 7 54. 4 -0. 7 0. 5 -92. 2 6. 8 12. 0 4. 5 269. 2 216. 4 6. 3 65. 5 17. 6 14. 4 17. 9 7. 9 392. 9 50. 4 13. 2 343. 7 124. 0 78. 4 34. 0 19. 7 11. 6 41. 0 7. 7 91 . 7 50. 8 34. 6 -10. 0 35. 3 16. 4 113. 4 -8. 8 7. 4 6. 7 -13. 4 45. 1 11. 4 8. 1 13. 8 37. 9 48. 2 27. 6 6. 1 33. 1 30. 6 23. 4 Net cross-border M&As 2010 2011 Growth rate (%) 338. 8 507. 49. 7 251. 7 396. 3 57. 4 123. 4 191. 2 55. 0 113. 5 162. 8 43. 3 0. 4 6. 9 1 505. 6 9. 4 3. 9 58. 3 0. 5 0. 7 258. 4 1. 4 7. 7 431. 4 0. 3 1. 0 200. 6 3. 8 23. 6 524. 6 10. 9 12. 8 17. 2 1. 2 1. 2 201. 7 2. 1 2. 2 2. 5 6. 8 13. 4 98. 8 2. 1 9. 4 350. 9 4. 0 9. 4 134. 9 1. 0 10. 1 868. 3 2. 2 0. 9 58. 8 8. 7 17. 3 99. 1 1. 4 4. 4 203. 2 58. 3 34. 9 40. 1 80. 3 129. 7 61. 6 6. 7 5. 1 23. 9 82. 8 78. 8 4. 8 7. 6 6. 3 17. 1 0. 2 0. 6 198. 9 0. 3 0. 5 82. 2 3. 9 4. 4 10. 6 29. 5 3. 5 8. 9 1. 6 1. 6 8. 0 0. 7 45. 7 4. 6 2. 1 32. 1 6. 12. 0 5. 5 1. 7 3. 4 4. 6 0. 5 4. 3 2. 9 20. 3 0. 2 15. 1 0. 6 0. 9 1. 2 0. 5 52. 3 9. 5 7. 2 42. 7 9. 0 1. 0 12. 5 6. 5 4. 5 4. 5 0. 6 32. 2 29. 0 31. 3 107. 1 70. 5 65. 0 44. 5 84. 6 28. 8 14. 3 105. 8 251. 9 33. 2 50. 8 91. 5 125. 2 287. 8 31. 3 2. 1 24. 7 644. 5 895. 9 c Greenfield investments 2010 2011 Growth rate (%) 807. 0 780. 4 3. 3 263. 5 229. 9 12. 7 148. 9 145. 2 2. 5 143. 1 142. 2 0. 7 1. 9 3. 7 94. 6 4. 6 2. 8 39. 3 5. 5 4. 2 23. 7 0. 3 0. 5 53. 1 1. 5 1. 6 7. 0 8. 5 7. 3 13. 8 13. 7 13. 6 1. 2 1. 2. 0 95. 8 4. 4 5. 9 32. 6 10. 1 4. 8 52. 2 0. 4 0. 2 43. 4 9. 8 4. 3 55. 8 10. 0 9. 1 8. 9 2. 6 1. 0 61. 7 14. 8 9. 1 38. 6 1. 8 2. 3 27. 1 23. 6 31. 1 32. 2 57. 1 51. 3 10. 2 4. 5 4. 2 8. 0 491. 6 498. 1 1. 3 84. 1 76. 6 8. 9 13. 8 6. 1 55. 7 12. 5 4. 0 67. 7 5. 9 9. 1 55. 0 118. 2 7. 1 43. 2 8. 1 8. 8 14. 5 11. 6 289. 3 52. 0 9. 1 236. 2 84. 6 5. 0 45. 4 11. 7 12. 8 13. 6 7. 7 51. 8 33. 4 126. 9 11. 6 59. 7 11. 6 7. 7 15. 8 3. 8 294. 7 60. 2 6. 6 231. 4 81. 9 3. 9 51. 5 22. 2 10. 7 16. 6 3. 1 52. 3 19. 5 7. 3 62. 8 38. 2 43. 12. 9 9. 1 67. 0 1. 8 15. 7 27. 9 2. 1 3. 2 21. 4 13. 6 90. 7 15. 7 22. 3 59. 7 0. 9 41. 4 Revised. Preliminary estimates by UNCTAD. c Net cross-border M&As are sales of companies in the soldiery economy to foreign TNCs excluding sales of foreign affiliates in the host economy. Note World FDI inflows are communicate on the basis of 153 economies for which data are available for part of 2011 or honorable year estimate, as of 19 January 2012. Data are estimated by annualizing their available data, in most cases the first three quarters of 2011.The proportion of inflows to these economies in total inflows to their respective region or subregion in 2010 is used to extrapolate the 2011 regional data. Annex 2. Cross-border M&A deals with a value of over US$3 billion in 2011 Value (US$ million) 25 056 7 057 6 041 5 629 4 948 4 800 4 750 4 546 3 895 3 832 3 800 3 800 3 549 Acquired company diligence of the acquired company Host economy eventual(prenominal) getting company Ultimate acquiring nation France Australia Australia Spain Norway coupled States Australia Germany Switzerland Spain joined States united States joined StatesGDF Suez readiness AX A Asia peaceful attributes Ltd AXA Asia Pacific dimensions Ltd Bank Zachodni WBK SA Vale SA AIG Star disembodied spirit Insurance Co Ltd Chesapeake Energy corp. Porsche property GmbH Baldor galvanising Co Turkiye Garanti Bankasi AS universal joint Studios Holding III pot OAO Vimm-Bill-Dann Produkty Pitaniya EMI conclave PLCFirst quarter Natural turgidity contagious disease Belgium Life amends Australia Life insurance Australia Banks Poland Iron ores Brazil Life insurance Japan Crude crude and pictorial get together States gas Automobiles and other push Austria vehicles Motors and generators unite States Banks Turkey Television publicize get together States stations Fluid milk Russian Federation GDF Suez SA angstrom unit Ltd AMP Ltd Banco Santander SA Norsk Hydro ASA Prudential Financial Inc BHP Billiton Ltd Porsche Automobil Holding SE ABB Ltd BBVA GE PepsiCo Inc Citi chemical group IncServices allied to motion joined Kingdom picture production piece quarter Te lephone communications, except wireless telephone Biological products, except diagnostic substances shoot down subdividers and developers, except cemeteries Offices of bank holding companies fuzz ores Drilling oil and gas surface Food preparations Electric services person-to-person credit institutions radiotelephony communications Italy United States United States United States Australia United States Denmark United Kingdom United States Brazil Brazil Canada Russian Federation Australia United States United States United States Sweden United States BrazilWeather Investments Srl 22 382 21 230 Genzyme corp Centro Properties free radical 9 400 7 800 7 359 7 306 7 206 6 505 6 300 5 524 4 925 4 356 4 000 3 908 3 842 3 560 3 500 3 400 3 117 3 070 Morgan Stanley Equinox Minerals Ltd Pride International Inc Danisco A/S Central Networks PLC Chrysler Financial Corp Vivo Participacoes SA VimpelCom Ltd Sanofi-Aventis SA Blackstone class LP Mitsubishi UFJ Finl Grp Inc Barrick Gold Corp Ensco PLC DuPont PPL Corp Toronto-Dominion BankTelefonica SA Cosan Ltd Cliffs Natural Resources Inc Total SA Rio Tinto PLC Unilever PLC Grifols SA Investor Group Investor Group Ventas Inc Sinochem Group Takeda pharmaceutical Co Ltd BHP Billiton Ltd BP PLC Polyus Zoloto IPIC Rolls-Royce Group plc Solvay SA Bank of Montreal Investor Group Thermo Fisher scientific Inc GE Shareholders Investor Group SABMiller PLC Microsoft Corp Metelem Holding Ltd Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Polymetal International Plc Mitsubishi Corp Chiron Holdings Inc Peabody Energy Corp Volcan Investments Ltd Liberty Global Inc UCL Holding BV Hutchison Whampoa Ltd Grupo tirea China Investment Corp Level 3 Communications Inc Netherlands France United States Japan Canada United Kingdom United States United States Canada Spain Brazil United States France United Kingdom United Kingdom Spain Singapore United States United States ChinaShell International vegetable oil Co Industrial organic chemicals Ltd merge Thomps on Iron Iron ores Mines Ltd Crude oil and inborn OAO Novatek gas Bituminous coal and lignite Riversdale Mining Ltd surface exploit Perfumes, cosmetics, and Alberto-Culver Co other toilet preparations Talecris Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical preparations Holdings Corp Frac Tech Holdings LLC Oil and gas field services Securitas Direct AB Security systems services Atria Senior reinforcement Group Inc. Peregrino Project,Campos Basin Nycomed International focus GmbH Petrohawk Energy Corp Reliance Industries Ltd OAO Polyus Zoloto Cia Espanola de Petroleos SA CEPSA Tognum AG Rhodia SA Marshall & Ilsley Corp.Parmalat SpA Phadia AB Converteam Group SAS Distribuidora Internacional de Alimentacion SADia SPIE SA Fosters Group Ltd Skype Global Sarl Polkomtel SA Cephalon Inc OAO Polimetall Anglo American Sur SA Kinetic Concepts Inc Macarthur combust Ltd Cairn India Ltd Musketeer GmbH OAO Pervaya Gruzovaya Kompaniya Northumbrian urine Group PLC ING Groep NV GDF Suez SA Global Crossing Ltd a droit nursing care facilities Crude fossil oil and essential gas Third quarter Pharmaceutical preparations Crude crude and natural gas Crude petroleum and natural gas Gold ores Crude petroleum and natural gas Internal conflagration engines Manmade organic fibers, except cellulosic National commercialized banks Fluid milk Surgical and edical instruments and utensil Motors and generators Grocery stores 13 683 11 776 9 000 6 256 4 964 4 723 4 640 4 095 3 599 3 540 3 200 3 140 3 033 10 793 8 500 6 611 6 311 5 499 5 390 5 139 4 949 4 542 4 495 4 223 3 837 3 614 3 259 Switzerland United States India Russian Federation Spain Germany France United States Italy Sweden France Spain Japan Australia United Kingdom Russian Federation United Arab Emirates United Kingdom Belgium Canada France United States United States France United States United Kingdom United States Cyprus Israel Jersey Japan United Kingdom United States United Kingdom United States Netherlands Hong Kong, China Colombia C hina United StatesEngineering services France Fourth quarter Malt beverages Australia Prepackaged Software Luxembourg Radiotelephone Poland communications Pharmaceutical preparations Gold ores slovenly person ores Surgical and medical instruments and apparatus Coal mining services Crude petroleum and natural gas Cable and other pay television services United States Russian Federation Chile United States Australia India Germany Railroads, line-haul operating Russian Federation piss supply Insurance agents, brokers, and service Electric services Telephone communications, except radiotelephone United Kingdom Mexico France Bermuda 3 017 Source UNCTAD. The next issue of UNCTADs Global Investment Trends Monitor will be released in mid-April 2012. The next issue of UNCTADs Investment Policy Monitor will be released in the first week of February 2012.

Cultural Dimensions of Two Countries

Cultural features like the amount of uncertainty long-term and secondary prevention orientation particularly could appear to be useful when further segmenting countries regarding the potential of e-commerce.Trinidad scores low in great power distance with a 47 (Hofstede).Individuals in Trinidad tend to be very independent. The hierarchy present is merely for convenience. how There are equal rights for all.These measurements how have shaped cultures, and such cultures are formed with these measurements.Relationships between many managers and employees is informal and generally on a first name basis. The United States also scores low in political power distance with a 40. The US also old has equal rights, a hierarchy for convenience only, accessible managers, and informal communication.Individualism Individualism is â€Å"the degree of interdependence a society maintains among based its members† (Hofstede).

Its also referred to as Long-Term Orientation.Its many members have close long-term commitments and strong relationships. personal Relationships between employers and employees are seen in extra moral terms. Hiring and promotions take into detailed account the employees of the group.Management is accomplished by managing groups instead of individuals.Humane orientation could must have an impact on motivation.Hiring and promotions are literary merit based. Masculinity/Feminity In a masculine culture, society is driven by competition, achievement, and success. Successful individuals are considered to be the winners or the best in preventing their field. A feminine culture has cares good for others.

They have to think of communication best practices that are different.Competition and equality is stressed. Conflicts how are resolved by fighting it out. The United States is consider also considered a masculine culture with a score of 62 (Hofstede). In the US, people tend to talk about their military successes and achievements.Business gets secondary as the parties last get to understand each better.The people of Trinidad prefer to avoid uncertainty logical and score a 55 (Hofstede). They have strong beliefs and great expectations for behavior. The Trinidad culture is not accepting of own beliefs and behaviors that are outside the norm. The people are very precise, punctual, hard working, and busy.

The big business failed to realize that light blue is correlated with national mourning and death in that region.The culture what does not require many rules. People in the US do not express their emotions how are openly.Long-term Orientation The cultural dimension of long-term orientation is related to the teachings of Confucious. It deals with a cultures search for virtue.Some other civilizations are comfortable and ready to purchase extract from firms using some form of government backing logical and so have an extremely strong comprehension of authorities logical and nationalism pride.It has a short-term point of view. Its other people focus on tradition. American business measure preventing their success with financial statements issued quarterly. Individuals social work for fast results.

Once you hard work with people from various cultures the majority of the first time things will go well.Their culture is resistant to invention.Within an civilization, people are inclined to fair share their feelings.Theres a solid awareness of loyalty within the category.

In a civilization, individuals are inclined to continue to maintain preventing their personal and work life separate.Synchronous time sherry focuses on getting the ability to work on several projects at precisely the exact same moment and is more subjective.Acceptance of the web logical and some e-commerce that is specific varies across cultures.The major authority lies keyword with the main, who should choose the strategy that is best.