Learning memoir Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Learning memoir - Essay practice sessionHaving a automobile and having no driving experience did not augur well with the way I perceived things, I became restless never imagining the weird state in which I was. A car owner without any driving training leave alone experience, it was soothing to imagine myself putting my palms on the steering wheel, just to think of stepping on the clutch, it was pleased to have this thoughts soon I became obsessed my mind was clogged with the fact of spinning the wheels. Everyday I could stand by my car looking at it by admiration.After many days of desire I contacted my driving tutor, Mr. Timothy who happened to be a profound instructor not by anything tangible but by the way he lay his spoken communication in the name of coaching me. Then I came to realize that I was a good auditory learner, yes my coach Timothy inflicted this in me I could learn from nothing sort to that. No pens, no papers and no computers or electronic gadgets to put my ref erences from. Be attentive to the speed limit, depict a full stop at every point with a stop sign. These words could reign on my mind every time I took to the road to train. These words were now a great deal used by my coach Timothy I could now do the stopping without being reminded I was a good observant of all the road rules. As an auditory learner I was expect to be attentive, keen and most importantly watch on how things transpired.When I completed my theory ravel which entailed listening and understanding the driving fundamental concepts it was a moment for my practical application for whatever I understood. Timothy and I took to the road, the training car was there waiting for us. It proved to be an up hill task for me to park a car to the back spot on a Z flesh through reverse. I could not figure out the way this concept was coming about I tried at many times but to no avail it all ended in vain. It was

Declaration of Independence Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Declaration of Independence Evaluation - Essay ExampleDeclaration of independency was not entirely congress original work in terms of convictions and ideas. It has several similarities with the work of buns Locke work about the American treatise. The beginning clauses of the document that areas that human kind was created alike with inalienable rights of liberty, vitality and freedom is in conjunction with the Locke philosophy. Locke point of view was that all the jurisdiction and power is equal with no citizen having more than the other does. The document further proceeds to emphasize that government is established through the termination of the citizens to protect their rights. Furthermore, it claims that in case the state does not address and protect the rights of the pile then it exit be the democracy of the citizens to abolish or alter the government. The Lockes philosophy is well enshrined in the document. Hobbes paying back declaration mimics the ideologies of declarati on of independence and the Hobbes ideas was to justify the kings action in England as perfectly legitimate. Hobbes perception and beliefs allowed the mass to elect sovereign once and after that, the people should be obedient to the government without questioning. The sovereign as called by Hobbes decides the successor and the rules. The perspective was seen the United States founding fathers that this method will leave the government compromising to corruption. With the idea they opted to apply Lockes philosophy. Hobbes document saw the need for the people to abolish any policy-making bond that is connecting them and take the power sovereign land. He further expounded that opinion of the humankind necessity declaring the cause that forces the people to dissolve. His ideologies were evident that humanity are created alike and endowed with life by the creator and securing the rights the governments were to be formed among the few. Hobessian perspective on the declaration of indepe ndence could have stated that if any type of lead cannot protect the people then the rights of the citizens to dissolve it could have been necessary. As the government could protect the citizens then the people must consider and obey the said government. His perspective also was of the view that the said government had the cartel of assenting to bills even if it was not the opinion of the people. The government is endowed with rights that are suitable as out-of-the-way(prenominal) as it will not disable its ability to protect the people. Hobbes argued that equality and freedom in abide by to individual rights meant that individuals could pursue their interest and survival without limitation in the state of nature. The government is without duty to approve the rights of the individuals. The state of nature herein is the state of war hence Locke has claimed the people have the duty to approve the individuals rights even in the state of nature source of the duty being the ingra ined law. There is also a difference to the Hobbes perception in that Locke argued differently about the property. They both accede that individuals have rights to any property in the state of nature. They also differed in that Hobbes denies the individual duty of the citizen to respect the property of others. In this perspective, the property is made less or useless in a state of nature according to Hobbes. On the other side, Locke is of the opinion that individuals

Evelyn Hooker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evelyn Hooker - Essay Examplewas that gays and lesbians are essentially sick persons who need the help of society to be re-integrated and to have normal lives like most people.Her face-to-face and professional life was influenced to a big extent by her mentor with name of Prof. Karl Muenzinger who encouraged her to stick to further studies on behaviorism, in particular the sub-topic of homosexuality. Her interest in this particular subject was due to her fashioning friends with one of her students (name was Mr. Sam From) who was homosexual and challenged her to analyse him and other homosexuals to disprove commonly-held notions. Her various experiments disproved homosexuals as socially maladjusted people her studies in effect showed this group to be well adjusted socially no divers(prenominal) from the general population. Her studies were used by the gay rights movement to promote their get advocacies.Her personal life starting signal from her high school years, through colle ge, to the masters program and eventually, the doctorate program influenced her research work because she saying all these as a way to get out of poverty and the drudgery of house work. She was instead lucky to be acquainted with professors who encouraged her to do groundbreaking research work but by her own admission, she did the research more out of curiosity and empathy.Her anonymous fellowship for a year of study in Europe gave her valuable insights to the events happening there at that time, specifically the persecution of the Jewish people at the hands of Hitler and Nazi Germany. She further traveled to Russia at around this time also and saw with her own eyes and through direct experience social injustices such as the rampant and overt discrimination against certain ethnic minorities. This gave her impetus to focus her studies on clinical psychology which gave birth to her almost scoopful concentration on the study of homosexuality in which this group of people are discrim inated against as deviants. A turning point in her career

Inter Personal Communication between people from different cultures Essay

Inter Personal Communication between people from distinguishable cultures - Essay ExampleIt also increases the levels up to which people tend to during talk in various cultures and social relationships.Communications keeps happening. As the saying goes, you cannot not communicate. On analysis of the interview the people from the Asian cultures provided to me and the answers that could be obtained from them with regard to the effective communication methods among the community was found to have the following1. Interpersonal communication in most of the Asian countries follow a formal structuring. The teacher in the community is addressed as sir or with a respect over tone and not by his her name. This is valid for all elderberry bushs in the household, neighbors and other senior people whom the person comes across. Whereas, in contrast, the American way of addressing such people is by their name with a Mr or Ms or Mrs as the teddy may be and this considered as lack of respect in fountain of the Asian communities. The same becomes valid when you are a senior person, an American may not mind it rather would like you to address him as Mr Senior Person, entirely in the eccentric of the Asian Community if a person is addressed so or with the number one name, it was always found that the people tend to take offence. 2. In America when one meets the person he wants to discuss business with, it is done immediately on meeting the person. The welfare of the person or the family or other such things which are extraneous to the topic of the meeting is hardly discussed. It is normally to the point. In case of the Asian communities, the tendency is to first create a personal rapport before commencing the business talk. Pleasantries allow be exchanged to a greater degree testing to know the welfare of the person, his family may be his parent was sick and the person will be asked about all these. This is considered as a violate of the involvement in the deal. After getting so much closer, the logic is one does not try to cheat the other. Getting directly to the point might appear snobbish to people from these cultures.3. Interpersonal communication tends to be more personal and wears a rapport in most of the Asian cultures, whereas in the case of American cultures the relationship is more business like. There is no face lost in the business or linked to the business in case of American businesses. In the case of Asian businesses, it is more frequently the face that matters and the kind of relationships that one develops over a period of time. This possibly is the reason why develop or getting into Asian markets is stiffer for new comers whereas it is not so for the American markets.4. When meeting a stranger, the smell is not as much a part of the Asian culture as it is in the case of the American or European cultures. Some of the Asian cultures do practice a culture of cover when a stranger is met for the first time, while certain others do only a folding of the arm or bending the body to the front in solemnity. Most of the Asians do not touch a stranger when they meet for the first time. Though of course, when they meet the second time, the embracing or the holding of the trade does take place. Touch of the hand is more of a solidarity indication as

Business and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business and Management - Essay Exampleis reveals that instead of having loads of helplessnesses, the organization gained high profits in comparison to the previous year and industry average. Increment in the sales passel and sales amount had the highest contribution to make this possible. Effective cost management can also be considered as the contributing factor.Lower Gearing Ratio Basically gearing ratio indicates the relationship mingled with the equity capital and debt. The reason behind calculating this ratio is to determine the long term fiscal position of the firm and risk factor associated with the organization. Gearing ratio reveals the sustainability of capitalization of the organization. In that case, it can be concluded that being comparatively low geared in comparison to the industry, the company has a chain of mountains of taking more than debt.Lower Acid Test Ratio Acid test ratio is more important than the catamenia ratio as CR does non consider value of inv entory. at that placefore, it can be assumed that acid test ratio indicates more accurate fiscal position of the organization than the current ratio. Basically according to the rule of thumb, the standard ratio is perceived to be 1 for this particular ratio but it is quite lower in this case. Even the acid test ratio of the company of 2009 is not only lower than 2008 but also from the industry average. Therefore it can be considered as the weakness for the company. Here it is important to mention that there is huge difference in the result of the two years. There is a 57.59% fall in acid test ratio in the year of 2009 when compared with 2008. Zero strand balance can be blamed for this significant change. Again in 2008, there was no rim overdraft, which again had the contribution to enhance the acid test ratio. A lower liquidity ratio refers that the financial position of the company is not sound enough to meet the current obligation immediately.Lower online Ratio The current rat io of the organization in the year 2009 is 1.15 and it refers that current

Teaching Relative Clauses to ESL Learners Research Paper

Teaching Relative Clauses to ESL Learners - Research study ExampleLearning of face as a foreign verbiage is influenced by a add of factors including the structure as well the similarity of the language with diverse forms of the learners m another(prenominal) language. In addition to this, the language learning process is complicated and therefore is subject to mistakes with respect to the learners. The pedagogy of carnal knowledge clause to the English language learners has been an important consideration for the learners to be competent in the language, as it is used globally. On the other hand, the issue involved in learning the relative clause is due to its complex nature, which is one of the causes for selecting the topic. The problems approach by the English language learner as well as the educator have change magnitude the importance of the topic (Abdolmanafi, 2012). The paper aims at examining the problems faced by the language learners. The underlying reason for the pick of the topic is to examine the factors that are responsible for errors. Moreover, proper identification of the error is also essential for the teachers to cope the measures to solve the issue in the context of learning relative clause. The identification of the learners problem in the teaching process facilitates the development of a better language system. In the context of the English language, the use of relative clause results to the addition of more information in the sentence. The importance of the relative clause in the English language is another cause for the selection of concerned topic.

Argumentative Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

combative Paper - Essay ExampleOn the contrary, other arguments related to the institution of God suggested, that the belief on the existence of God depends on the knowledge that individual has all everyplace the subject. In order for the argument on the existence of God to be win over, philosophers have had to contend with whether it is vital to provide rise on this subject, which makes it a harder task. The theo transparent argument presented by theists and apologists is the most convincing argument in relation to the existence of God. The pauperisation to have check for the existence of God Ideally, skeptics are unavoidable aspect of living in which proof is a necessity in sustaining various subjects including those of religion. The application is similar in which umteen individuals seek evidence that substantiates that God exists by tearing into every aspect of God in order to create loopholes for the same. In essence, at that place exists a number of arguments that hav e been successful in convincing members of society that God is real. Additionally, the holy Bible and other holy books provide proof of a higher being than that of man. According to philosophers, there are many arguments that support or disagree with the ideology of theology but the most convincing ones have attracted immense following. ... According to Spiegel (2010), apologists have been successful in making their argument system of logical but scientist dispute this by having various theories that seek to explain how the creation came into being. The most common theory is that of evolution in which it only explains how man has evolved to what he is today. However, the most disputing aspect within the argument ground on evolution is that it does not give elaborate explanations on the existence of plants and other objects that have life. The import here is that the theological argument presented by apologists is the most convincing argument in relation to the existence of God. The conflict between science and religion in relation to the existence of God As many sympathizers would argue, the interaction and relationship between religion and scientific assumptions is that it is a confusing and unclear making it a vague subject. Ideally, many view the theories presented by religion to be contrary to the thinking of scientists because they argue that it lacks logic and substance. In essence, the religious aspect in this argument bases its belief on belief and faith over the unseen while science opts to argue according to facts and visible objects (Radcliffe, 2012). This makes it harder for those in favor of religion as their choice of supporting that God does exist to proof that God exists without having proof of walking this earth. Additionally, scientists puncture into the fancy that a supreme being such as God exists because the origin of this being is also a subject of dispute because there is no recorded proof of how God came into being. Evidently, thei r claim is that in over for things to exist they had to either evolve or be born of another

The Lovely Bones by Alice Sebold Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The lovable Bones by Alice Sebold - Essay ExampleShe struggled with her assailant, but was badly beaten and bloodied. Sebolds rapist was caught, convicted, and given a maximum prison sentence, but the or comport was far from over. Somewhat surprisingly, Sebold returned to school in Syracuse, and after graduating headed to the University of Houston for a brief attempt at graduate school. She eventually settled in New York City, where she planned to acquire a writer. For historic period, she lived in the East Village--during its rattiest period, before it was an acceptable post-college, bar-and-restaurant-filled enclave--while working as a research analyst and teaching English as an adjunct instructor at Hunter College on the side. It took her several years to emerge from her post-assault experience, she admitted, and recalled her 20s as a period in which she dated the wrong men, drank too much, snorted heroin for terzetto years, and took part in daring stunts like climbing to th e top of the Manhattan Bridge.Finally, Sebold wrote a New York Times term about her rape, which led to an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show. A sentence from her article was quoted a few years later in a book called Trauma and Recovery, about post-traumatic stress disorder. As she explained in an consultation with the Guardians Katharine Viner, reading that book was a turning point in her life. I was failing miserably in New York, Id written two cleans that werent published, she recalled. Sebold applied to graduate school in California, but was determined to move no matter what. If I didnt get in I was going to buy a dozen nude-colored panty hose and get an office job in Temecula, California, she said in the interview with Valby. (Huntley p1510) certain into the master of fine arts writing program at the University of Californias Irvine campus, she took out a student loan, and met her prox husband on the first day of school. The work earned good reviews, with Publishers Wee kly describing it as a fiercely observed memoir about how an incident of such profound violence can potpourri the course of ones life, but failed to catch on with readers. (Conway p127) Finally, she finished The lovely Bones manuscript, and it netted her a two-book deal with Little, Brown. As advance copies began circulating in the months prior to its June of 2002 publication date, a publishing-industry and bookseller buzz began to attach to it. The Lovely Bones, told from the viewpoint of a 14-year-old rape and murder victim looking down from heaven, struck a brass section with a society reeling from accounts of 12-year-old Ashley Pond and 13-year-old Miranda Gaddis, Danielle van Dam, 7, Samantha Runnion, 5, and 14-year-old Elizabeth Smart, all snatched and silenced since January.SummaryDrawing on folkloric and apparitional motifs and ideas, Alice Sebold presents a remarkable, complex, and comforting vision of heaven as the platform from which Susie Salmon, raped and murdered by a neighbor at the age of fourteen, tells her story. It is a heaven that indeed has many mansions, one of which is the all-embracing wide Heaven, which can provide ones every desire. The word Susies grandfather has for the dominant quality of this heaven is comfort, and oddly comforting, indeed, is Alice Sebolds novel because it postulates a vision of heaven that begins with an intake level of simplicity that matches

Our Absurd fear of fat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Our laughable fear of fat - Essay Examplen society has been made to believe that being lose weight is good not only for the sake of health but also for the reason that thinness is associated with beauty. prevalent media in the U.S. and in other countries render associated corpulency and being big(p) with several health conditions much(prenominal) as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes, and, therefore, higher mortality. The law professor is seeking to dispel the fear that people have about obesity and being overweight. In his view there no study has shown a operative relationship between the mortality of people who overweight or obese, and trivial variations in weight. The article is targeted at the public in America, and by extension the whole world, and especially those who consider themselves to be obese or overweight. The author seeks to reassure his obese or overweight audience that they really may have no cause to worry about their weight. The open(a) under discussion i n the text mainly relates to obesity and being overweight and the extent to which these conditions have been presented in negative light.Campos succeeds in appealing to the audience by relying on statistics. Campos relies on statistics to make the audience appreciate the extent of the problem and its supposed gravity. To this extent, he freshman makes the audience get sympathetic to those who are considered to be of abnormal weight before getting deeper into the subject and dispelling the audiences fears. When he notes that nearly 7 out of 10 American adults are overweigh (par. 1), for example, he succeeds in drawing the attention of the audience who may quite easily be part of the statistics of overweight people. The author also appeals to the emotions of the audience by carefully choosing his words. For example, he states at one point that, baselessly categorizing at least 130 million Americans and hundreds of millions in the rest of the world as people in impoverishment of tr eatment for their condition serves the economic

Philosophy Statement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ism Statement - Assignment Exampleeedback from students, evaluating unique academic performance, motivating and addressing weaknesses, and reporting to authorized personnel (school administrators, parents, condole with givers) the outcomes of academic reviews and performance of students, as required.Roles/Responsibilities of the Learner Learners have roles and responsibilities that are diverse and multidimensional. Learners are expected to fool the roles of active participants, as collaborative members of the learning environment, as a source for constructive feedback. Their responsibilities include conference and interactions with peers and teachers, practical investigations, performances, oral presentations and discussions (Education Scotland, n.d., p. 1), among another(prenominal)s.Beliefs about Teaching Good teaching is viewed as being able to suffice what one preaches. By being a role model to students, good teachers could effectively impart lessons that could be emulated by students through the values and manifestations of actions that are consistent with good morals and ethical codes of conduct. On the other hand, bad teaching simply exhibits actions and delivery of academic information that are contrary to the standards of ethical and moral practices expected of the profession.Beliefs about Learning Learning happens in progressive stages and could be enforced through motivating students in a conducive learning environment. Learning is most effective when teachers design strategies that encourage enfolding of students and acknowledge their contribution to the learning environment. Prejudice, discrimination, restricting encouragement and freedom of expression and exhibiting inequality across gender, heathenish and cultural background definitely make learning less effective.Applications in Language Classroom presumptuousness the beliefs and philosophies in teaching, one would strive to promote equality and the integration of diversity in culture in ones language classroom to focus on the unique

Contribution of rachel carson about elixirs of death Research Paper

Contribution of rachel carson about elixirs of remainder - Research Paper ExampleMalaria was a big killer and millions died of it. Swiss scientist Paul Hermann Muller was awarded the Nobel estimate in 1948 for the discovery and give of DDT.Excess of anything is counterproductive. In the case of excessive DDT it was death sinister to both human and animal lives. Its use was banned in the United acress in 1972. By 1969, WHO toss the eradication efforts of mosquitoes with the use of DDT (Kirsten Weir).Rachel Carson was not the only person responsible for the eradication of DDT. There were several(prenominal) other factors that played vital roles in varying degrees in putting a stop to the use of DDT. In the 1950s, there were various lawsuits by ornithologists, book keepers and concerned citizens who sought courts injunctions to can DDT spraying. It took quite a while for the courts and the government to act and stop the use of DDT.However, the role of Rachel Carson became the pu ll in point for the pro and anti DDT users for bouquets and brickbats. Her strategy of writing on a hitherto problematical subject evoked strong emotions on the professional as well as the laymans side. Even the scientists who did not share her views admired her qualities of penmanship.Actually, DDT was one of the subjects Rachel touched upon in her book wordless Spring. Had she lived longer she would have been pleasantly surprised by the reactions and decisions the booked evoked. Oklahoma Republican Senator Tom Coburn squarely blamed Rachel for the ban on DDT and its supposed disastrous effect on the millions of deaths due to malaria roughly the globe. Novelist Michael Crichton teamed with Coburn and sounded out the damages accrued due to the ban on DDT in his novel State of Fear (Kirsten Weir).However, the authorities in the judiciary and the government did not wait to check on comprehensions veracity about the harmlessness of DDT and some other

Media and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Media and Society - Essay ExampleIn the case of children C presents describes that children who have a greater exposure to violent movies choose to play violent games whereas others who do not abide by television do not follow the same pattern. This clearly indicates that there is a very reinforced relationship between a persons bearing and his exposure to media. To further evidence this Wilsons researches are in like manner very useful. Wilson in his research has referred to the Social cognitive theory according to which a child learns and absorbs whatever he sees and is exposed to and modifies his behavior accordingly. Wilson supported his statement by saying that children are really impressed by the super heroes and they try to act like them and as the super heroes have an aggressive behavior hence the children alike do. These findings are even more supported by the experiments carried by Hussmann who collected two groups of children exposing mavin of them to violent movi es whereas the other group was not. It was then analyzed that the children exposed to violent movies developed an aggressive behavior whereas the others did not (Wilson).Media not only affects the behavior of a person but also his habits. Attractive advertisements of incompatible foods attract a person and hence drive a person to eating different types of rubble foods. Hence according to chaves much(prenominal) exposure has led to greater instances of obesity. According to chaves experiments media has also played a role in the increased number of smokers belonging to all age groups. The different promotions in magazines, cyberspace and the televisions have grabbed the minds of many viewers and especially children who easily get fascinated while watching masses they adore smoking and hence develop such habits themselves. In a similar manner this has also led to an increase in alcohol consumption and use of drugs. Though there is not a great deal evidence to support the fact tha t media has also driven into early sexual activity but Chaves believed that this is also one of the negative impact that the media has created. Things that were considered to be difficult to talk about are now more easily communicated and talked about because of the exposure to media. Apart from obesity media has also led to other medical problems. Women who mystify obsessed with models try to become like them and the drive to become slim like them makes them psychological patients thrust them towards anorexia. Heroines and models have started to make females more conscious of their physical appearance than before and this can be abusive for many of them leading to many psychological problems.Wilson gave strong evidences that violence is very common in todays world. Wilson discovered that news is the most common mean of media which exposes violence. This argument clearly shows that according to the writer our society is in full of violence and aggressive behaviors since the new s exposes the real but exaggerated picture of our society and crimes. The exposure of such crimes and violent behaviors are resulting in violent and aggressive attitudes of youth and is continuously harming our

Birth to death Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Birth to demolition - Essay ExampleThis notion might result to drying of wells, reduction of stream peeing supply, deterioration of the quality of water in Tucson as well as land subsidence.The water table in Tucson has drastically displace over the past 70 historic period (City of Tucson, 2014). This is as a result of an increase in population over the years which have lead to excessive pumping of underground water. This is portrayed by the decline in the amount of water yield by most of the well in southern Tucson region (City of Tucson, 2014).The Central Arizona regard is a water supply and treatment project owned by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. It comprises of 336 miles length system of tunnels, aqueducts, pipelines and pumping ducts. The system is designed to carry water across the state of Arizona. Apart from drinking and agriculture, water from the CAP is used for outdoor recreation, wildlife conservation and fishing. Wildlife conservation practices and fish ing are essential in the parsimoniousness of

How far do you think railway travel influenced notions of identity and Essay

How far do you think railroad system travel influenced notions of identity and company in colonial India Give specific examples - Essay ExampleThis is because the railway lines were relevant in the make-up of imagined communities especially after the division of India into present day India and Pakistan.The train changed the social relations from that she refers to as cover lived relations to abstract generalities while it also became a sign of collective identity. Travel finished the railway in Colonial India also eliminated individual identities to communal ones which led to the doing away with the held social relations. Therefore, travel by means of railway lines in Colonial India greatly affected how the citizens identify with each other as well(p) as how the community interacts. In this paper we will discuss the notions of identity in colonial India as affected by travel and transport through the railway line. Our focus will be on how travel through railway led to the gr owth of a sense of national identity amongst race of disparate regions in colonial India and the raising of the consciousness about the social order in the Indian community. The paper will also make a discussion on how travel by railway in colonial India mobilized the people around one political ideology thus giving them a sense of identity as one Indian community.The most everlasting and contribution of European Imperialism to its colonies were through the invention of machines and amongst the most important was the invention of locomotives. The locomotives had the potential to move people and goods from one point to another(prenominal) which had serious impacts on the social, cultural, economic and political compositions and identities of societies. Almost all colonial governments used their superiority in technology to annex and exercise control over the affairs of nations. The colonialists used technology such as construction of railway lines rather than ideologies to further t heir imperialistic ideals over the colonies.2 These could be through the progress and antecedent

Economical Markets Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economical Markets Paper - Essay sheathMonopoly is an economic structure where there one participant which controls the grocery storeplace. . In such a market the bulletproof realizing business controls the price, but it is not immune to the law of demand and supply. The price is set at the measuring and price point which maximizes profit for a corporation.. The market demand is downward sloping, but the difference is that in order to maximize profits price is not part of the equation and the formula is determined by the following equation, MR=MC. An example of an intangible asset which allows the formation of a monopoly in Parkersburg is Water City of Parkersburg Utility. The company is the only firm that produces water within the region, thus they are monopoly. Utility monopolies are at multiplication received governmental incentives so that the basic utility services such as water and electricity become cheaper for the people living below the poverty.Another economic market structure is monopolistic competition. noncompetitive competition is a market structure in which there are lots of competitors and the players utilized specialization in order to bring uniqueness to their produce offer discrepancies among similar products. In order to in effect compete in such a market it is important to differentiate the product. This can be gross(a) though expert advertising, innovation or better production methods. The market demand curve in monopolistic competition slopes downward, thus the equation to maximize profits is MR=MC. Graphically to determine the price for this takings the economist extends the quantity line to the demand curve. In Virginia a company that operates in monopolistic market structure is Dairy Queen Brazier. Dairy Queen is a company in the fast feed industry which delivers a product that is unique for the industry. The offers classic burgers and hotdogs, but the company also offers gourmet dairy farm product such as fresh bread,

Thermodynamics Lab Essay Example for Free

Thermodynamics Lab EssayPurposeThe purpose of this lab is to determine the identity of an enigmatical metal, and to surface whether the laws of thermodynamics hold when determining this identity. Using the accepted specific heating system of piss (4186 J/kg oC), heat flow between two different sets of water though the conduction of an mystical metal terminate provide useful data in determining the identity. The heat transfers can be calculated to bumpy the specific heat of the unknown metal.When heat is transferred to an object, the temperature of the object increases. When heat is removed from an object, the temperature of the object decreases. The relationship between the heat (q) that is transferred and the change in temperature (DT) is q = mCDT = mC (Tf Ti).After the specific heat of the metal is found, it can because be comp ared to known specific heat values of various metals, which in turn will seize for a probable identity of the unknown metal to arise.Hypoth esisThe identity of the unknown metal is aluminum. This can be inferred from the unknown metals appearance, which resembles aluminum it its color, light weight, and luster. The laws of thermodynamics will hold when determining the unknown metal. The laws of thermodynamics must defy in order for heat flow to occur during the experimentation.MaterialsThe materials used in the lab were two calorimeters (insulated, Styrofoam containers), an unknown metal in the shape of a wide horseshoe, two thermometers, a balance, water, a beaker, and a bunsen burner.Procedure1.Measure the weight of the Pyrex beaker, and whence well out 200 mL into the beaker. Weigh the beaker filled with water. Record two(prenominal) weights to find the weight of the water by itself. Let this mass of water be labeled 1. Next, pour the water into one of the calorimeters and take the temperature of it. This temperature should be the room temperature and the same as the unknown metals temperature.2.Pour 200 mL of water into the beaker and weigh the beaker filled with water. Record the weight. Let this mass of water be labeled 2.3.Use the bunsen burner burner to heat up the 200 mL of water in the beaker to 75o C. Then pour the hot water into the other calorimeter.4.Set-up the calorimeters by placing the thermometers and the unknown metal in their specific places.5.Record temperatures of both calorimeters every minute until thermal equilibrium is conked.6.Clean and return all materials and dispose of any waste.ConclusionThe graph indicates that heat flow did tolerate during the experimentation. The cold water increased in temperature, while the hot water decreased. The two liquids underwent changes in temperature until they both reached thermal equilibrium. This thermodynamics law is called the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics. This law basically states that two bodies will naturally reach thermal equilibrium when in contact. The First Law of Thermodynamics was obeyed as well. Only heat from th e warmer soundbox went to the colder body. Heat only travels in one direction, from the hot to the cold, as can be seen from the graph.My hypothesis of the unknown metal being aluminum was correct. The results of my lab showed that the unknown metal was aluminum, and later it was said that the metal had in fact been aluminum. The lab calculations went well. The values were somewhat disparate however. For example, the specific heat was found to be 1200 one hundred ten J/kg oC, but the actual specific heat of aluminum is 900 J/kg oC. This rest can be attributed to the imperfect insulation of the calorimeters. Some heat must have been lost during the experiment, which whitethorn have caused a distortion in values as a result. Also, the metal was exposed to the exterior air, and likely lost some heat to the air. Overall, the lab was a success. The only improvements I would suggest are to have better insulators and more precise instruments. Better insulation would yield improved re sults. The metal, which was transferring the heat, should have been insulated so that heat could not escape during the heat transfer. More precise instruments would cut down on the uncertainties, which then would allow for better and more accurate results.

Pest Essay Example for Free

Pest EssayHong Kong is politically stable, there would r arely be any political factors that will interrupt and s hapless down the familys growth. Hong Kong doesnt have goods and services tax so this allows McDonalds to have lower expenses and they can maximize their profit. The international operations of Mcdonalds are broad(prenominal)ly influenced by the individual state policies enforced by each government. Economic- The economic collapse has caused Hong Kong to enter the recession stage in the economic cycle.Therefore the demands for low price food increase tremendously and this benefited McDonald, since the foods are cheap and the quality is guaranteed. Inflation has caused McDonald to raise meal price, in long term, as inflation raised to a point that it will be besides expensive and McDonald will lose its large customer base. But still Mcdonalds is still a market leader and it got a very (high)large target market. low cost much incomes. The rate at which the economy of that particular state grows determines the purchasing power of the consumers in that country.Social- McDonald is a fast food eating place company so they can perform their services in a short period of conviction and this fits with the fast paced lifestyle in Hong Kong. In the past few years Hong Kong pack are more aware of healthy eating, so they stay away from high calories and high cholesterol food. McDonald tries to prevent the prejudice of customer by adding healthier food in the menu such as salads sweet corn. works within many social groups. Increase employments. Technology- Hong Kong has a well developed transportation system, especially the airport that has airlines that connects to different part of the world.Their food supplies can be delivered from all around the world in a short period. Computers and smart cashiers are used by the employees so they would not get confused and they are provided with customized database management system. They also have Wifi provi de in every McDonalds also, its very convenient for people that is using laptop. Quality packing and standards. Advanced technology development. Local manufacture using foreign supplies. persuasiveness Strong brand name, image and reputation- Clean environment and play areas for children (bday party provided)- 24 hours- Customer intimacy- intersection point innovation- Supplier integration Weaknesses High staff turnover (food going to waste)- Unhealthy food image- Low judgment and width of product- Unbalanced meals (mostly meat, amount of fruit or vegetable not much) Opportunities Expand into Tier 2 and Tier 3 cities- Growth of the fast-food industry- Worldwide deregulation- Low cost menu that will attract the customers- Freebies and discounts- dissolve open up online service for customers Growing health trend (fresh burger or healthy dessert) Threats Increase opposition from local fast food outlets- Mcdonalds competitors threatened market share of the company both intern ationally and domestically- Health issues Health professionals and consumer activities accuse Mcdonalds of contributing to the countrys health issue of high cholesterol, heart attacks, diabetes and obesity- Lack of choices (customers will change their taste anyday)- Global recession and fluctuating foreign currencies- Fast-food strand industry is expected to struggle to meet the expectations of the customers towards health and environmental issues

The euro star Essay Example for Free

The euro star EssayThe euro star is more than suitable for those with disabilities the Eurostar is Dedicated to providing the highest level of inspection and repair for altogether its passengers, the Eurostar terminals at London St Pancras International, Ebbsfleet International and Ashford International, as well as the passenger trains themselves atomic number 18 specially equipped for those who may require additional facilities or services.So to conclude for the Eurostar I would recommend to P bents with children to consider this resource over separates, however if the customers need a car while in capital of France because I would choose a different option, although as the Paris station is in the middle of Disneyland Paris the need for a car isnt likely unless the hotel they atomic number 18 staying in is outside the Disneyland Paris area. Wheelchairs There are 2 designated areas on the train, each for one wheelchair user and companion in Leisure Select (first class ), coaches 9 10.They offer the wheelchair user the option to stay in their wheelchair if they wish and must be -8- used if passengers are unable to walk at least 200m unaided. Call for aid entirelytons are also fitted. Please follow that the designated wheelchair spaces are for passengers that have their own wheelchair. A special proceed is usable for both(prenominal) wheelchair user and companion, divert enquire at the time of booking. Special Assistance Special attention is no longer reserved in advance. Assistance is arranged in person on the day of dismissal at the assistance desk and is subject to availability.If the passenger thinks they might need help getting to or from the train, they would need to arrive as early as they can (preferably at least 1 hour prior to departure). communicate Dogs Guide dogs are accepted on shape up, however please note under no other circumstances may animals travel on Eurostar. Disabled toilets with war cry for aid buttons are avai lable at the departure lounges at London St Pancras, Ebbsfleet International and Ashford International stations and also on the trains themselves in First affiliate Leisure Select Coaches 9 and 10.And an extra note for the disabled passengers Eurostar limen Widths Toilet 522mm/Exit Door 850mm/Disabled Toilet 7200mm -9- Euro tunnel Eurotunnel is the come with responsible for building the twin railway tunnels under the side of meat Channel linking Britain and France at Folkestone, in Kent and Coquelles, in the Nord Pas-de-Calais. Eurotunnel runs its own shuttlecock service that carries passengers and their vehicles between Folkestone and Calais. Eurotunnel also charges other rail operators, like Eurostar, to use the Channel Tunnel or Chunnel as we often call it.Eurotunnel operates a fleet of 25 shuttle trains to transport cars, coaches and trucks and their drivers and passengers. Trains run 24 hours a day, seven old age a week. There are 3 trains an hour between 0600-0000, and 2 trains an hour between midnight and 0600. The shuttle has now been in operation for over 12 years and since its first commercial services 177 gazillion people have travelled through the Channel Tunnel thats 3 times the population of both France and England Eurotunnel shuttle timetable Eurotunnel runs 34 shuttle services a day, 7 days a week, both from Calais to Folkestone, and from Folkestone to Calais.Generally, at that place are 2 services an hour between 0600-2300, 1 service an hour between 2300-0100 and about 1 service every 2 hours between 0100-0600. -10- Journey time between Folkestone and Calais is 35 minutes between 0600-2300 and about 45 minutes between 2300-0600. The Passengers need to check in at least 30 minutes before your shuttles due departure time. Eurotunnel have a cheeseparing record for on time departures.Disch1 Above is where Eurotunnel crosses the English Channel. Eurotunnel is a great way to hook on your car on holiday with, and as you can see it has great road links to all other parts of Britain. -11- Eurotunnel shuttle faresEurotunnel has a number of fare options. Prices within one ticket option can vary quite a bit depending on a number of factors, such as how long you book in advance, what type of vehicle youre taking and how long youre staying. Standard car fare The average standard fare for a car up to 1. 85 meters high is i 49-i 75 one way. Note that standard fares are significantly more expensive if booked at soon notice. The price includes the car and all its passengers. The number of passengers can be any number up to the maximum the car can legally carry.Motorcycles fares are around Registered guide dogs travel free So this could be the ideal way to travel for anyone with difficulties with their sight, also this could be ideal for people change of location on astronomic trips, such as school trips as the Eurotunnel has sufficient facilities to take coaches on, and as part of primary research I have actually been on a coach in the Eurotunnel and I thought it was a good way to travel and was calorie-free and quick.Although its not as direct as the Eurostar, as the customer allow have to drive from Calais to Disneyland Paris but it is made easy to get to Disneyland Paris as the passenger can take their car with them, as well as there being taxis available form Calais. The picture above shows the different leaving points in the south coast of England, to the different locations in France in which you can travel to. The most probable route for passengers from Maldon would be Dover to Calais. -13- http//www. seafrance. com/cs/ air/uk/ take-dover-calais/itinerary-to-dover?packedargs=site%3DSF_Pax_Uk the purple route is the best route, for travellers from Maldon, from Maldon to Dover, the travellers can either go by car or get a taxi there, but obviously you can take your car on the conveyboat or, like the Eurotunnel, if the travellers are on a coach trip the ferry is admissionible for coaches so th e ferry could be perfect for school trips, and what separates a ferry from the Eurotunnel is that the passengers can walk around on board and visit restaurants, shops, bars, and arcades.There is also get downed out areas with comfortable seating, so for passengers travelling on business, can chill with a drink and if wanted can get on with some work in a calm environment. If the Traveller chose to use Sea France, and are driving a vehicle When they arrive at the port of Dover, theyll need to go through immigration and customs so this emphasizes the safety of the ferry. Then they secure need to simply follow the signs to the Sea France check-in booths where a member of the Sea France team will process their booking and give them a lane number.Go to the car lanes and wait until youre invited to come aboard. once onboard, the Sea France team will direct you on the car deck. Also when parking their car, they will reminded to coiffe sure to leave the handbrake on. They will also be r eminded to bring everything they want for the journey with them to the passenger areas, because access to the car decks is not permitted during the crossing.If theyre travelling with a pet then Sea France might be the company to use for crossing however it will need to stay in the vehicle during the crossing. It is also easy to make a note of where your car is parked, so the travelers can find it easily when its time to disembark. Passengers travelling by bicycle will also be able to travel by Sea France but will need to walk their bike up the ramp on to the ship. And For their safety, please be mensurable when leaving your cycle on the car decks and follow the crews instructions.For those passengers with sight difficulties then they could choose Sea France as If youll be accompanied by a guide dog or assistance dog they are welcome to come aboard with you free of charge. So to conclude the ferry would be good once again for school trips, and possibly parents with children as the children will have enough stuff to do on the ferry to keep them preoccupied. Also this is the luxury option for those who need a car, bus or bicycle in France to travel around, as you can obviously take your vehicle with you.

ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS Essay Example for Free

ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS EssayInadequate skills is present if the worry is the employees lack of certain skills, a supervisor should see that the employee gets the necessary training. Talent watchfulness is the automatise end-to-end process of planning, recruiting, developing, managing, and compensating employees throughout the system. Lisa needs to set up a mentoring and coaching programs that will advises, counsels, and guides her accredited employees. Both coaching and mentoring skills are needed for appraising employees, solely appraising and assessing refer to rating an employee. maculation employers have long managed their talent without computerized systems, talent guidance today is usually reading technologybased. several(prenominal) software providers offer specialized talent management suites. The suites include and integrate underlying talent management components such as e-recruiting, e-training, performance reviews, and rewards. For example, talent management software includes e-recruiting software, employee performance management, a learning management system, and compensation management. Among other things, this program relieves the stress of writing employee performance reviews by automating the task and en certains that all levels of the organization are alignedall working for the same goals (Dessler, 2011).Lisa and the CFO have sufficiently investigated whether training is actually called for through the control process. A manager should continuously gather information about each employees performance. This is an ongoing activity, not something the supervisor saves to do when filling out appraisal forms. Ways to gather information include keeping regular performance records (such as a work teams fruit or the customer calls handled by each employee), saving customer notes of complaint or praise, writing a summary whenever an employee is observed doing something exceptional, and encouraging employees to keep track of their accomplis hments.This record keeping may seem time-consuming, but it is essential. Lisa and other supervisors need to make sure employees know and understand what is expected of them. To do this, they should make sure that objectives for the employees are clear, and he or she should communicate them effectively. Employees are most likely tounderstand and be attached to objectives when they have a say in developing them. More and more firms now require that supervisors and employees in concert set mutually acceptable performance goals.Hospitality Skills/Training Guide for human race Attendant bent your property apart from the competition with this excellent job-specific training program for valet attendants. This binder is divided into 6 tabbed sections This guide provides the basis of a six-day training course for new employees and current employees. The Employee Knowledge tab includes woodland leaf node gainBloodborne PathogensPersonal AppearanceEmergency SituationsLost and FoundRecycling ProceduresSafe turn tail HabitsManager on DutyYour Propertys Fact SheetEmployee PoliciesThe Americans with Disabilities ActEmployee Skill tab containsFollow the Propertys humans Posting PositionsMaintain Clear Drive-up/Drop-off AreaWelcome Guests and Offer AssistanceLoad and take Luggage Using Luggage CartValet Park Guest VehiclesRetrieve Vehicles That Have Been Valet ParkedProvide Storage for Guest LuggageAssist With Luggage for Group Arrivals and DeparturesUse the Guest Information DirectoryPrepare Maps and Provide DirectionsArrange for Services Requested by Guests oversee Guest Service ProblemsArrange for or hail Taxis for GuestsArrange Limousine ServicesProvide Courtesy Transportation fib Vehicle AccidentsClean the Drive-up, Entrance, Valet Stand, and Luggage Carts Assist Guests at Check-outRespond to Situations Requiring First AidHandle Cash Payment and TipsAssist in Rooming GuestsAssist Guests During Room ChangesThe Hotel Pariss competitive outline is To use superior gues t service to differentiate the Hotel Paris properties, and to thereby increase the length of live and return rate of guests, and thus boost revenues and profitability. HR manager Lisa Cruz must now formulate usable policies and activities that support this competitive strategy by eliciting the required employee behaviors and competencies.ReferencesDessler, G. (2011). Human Resource Management. (13 Ed.).Upper Saddle River,NJ Prentice dorm

As You Like It - the Play Essay Example for Free

As You give care It the Play EssayAs You Like It is considered by gentlemany to be one of Shakespeares greatest comedies, and the heroine, Rosalind, is praised as one of his most stir characters and has more lines than any of Shakespeares female characters. Rosalind, the daughter of a banished duke falls in love with Orlando the disinherited parole of one of the dukes friends. When she is banished from the court by her usurping uncle, Duke Frederick , Rosalind switches genders and as Ganymede travels with her loyal cousin Celia and the jester Touchstone to the Forest of Arden, where her fuss and his friends live in exile. Observations on life and love follow (including love, aging, the natural world, and death) friends are made, and families are reunited. By the plays end Ganymede, once again Rosalind, marries her Orlando. Two other sets of lovers are also wed, one of them Celia and Orlandos mean cured brother Oliver . As Oliver becomes a gentler, kinder young man so the D uke conveniently changes his ways and turns to religion and so that the exiled Duke, father of Rosalind, can rule once again.All the world s a stage, and all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances And one man in his time plays many parts As You Like It (Act II, Scene VII). Can one desire too much of a good thing? . As You Like It (Act IV, Scene I). True is it that we have seen better days. As You Like It Act II, Scene VII). For always and a day. As You Like It (Act IV, Scene I). The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool.(Act V, Scene I). The play is fictitious, but shakespeare is said to have taken the traits if rosalind from Rosalynde by doubting Thomas lodge. One of Shakespeares early plays, As You Like It (1598-1599), is a stock romantic comedy that was familiar to Elizabethan audiences as an exemplar of Christian comedy. Although the play does include two offstage spiritual conversions, the Christian nam ing does not refer to religion itself.Instead, it denotes the restoration and regeneration of society through the affirmation of certain Christian values such as brotherly love, marital union, tolerance for different viewpoints, and optimism about life at large. The plot is very simple the resolution of the dramatic problem in the warped poses of two shabbiness brothers toward good brothers, and related obstacles to marriage for several couples in the play (most notably Rosalind and Orlando) are easily overcome, and a happy ending is never in doubt.On one level, the play was clearly intended by Shakespeare as a simple, diverting amusement several scenes in As You Like It are basically skits made up of songs and joking banter. But on a somewhat deeper level, the play provides opportunities for its main characters to talk over a host of subjects (love, aging, the natural world, and death) from their particular points of view.At its center, As You Like It presents us with the respec tive worldviews of Jaques, a chronically melancholy pessimist preoccupied with the negative aspects of life, and Rosalind, the plays Christian heroine, who recognizes lifes difficulties but holds fast to a positive attitude that is kind, playful, and, above all, wise. In the end, the enjoyment that we receive from the plays comedy is reinforced and validated by a humanist Christian philosophy gently woven into the text by a benevolent Shakespeare.

Explore the presentation of women in Much Ado about Nothing Essay Example for Free

search the presentation of women in such(prenominal) Ado about Nothing Es dictateExplore the presentation of women in Much Ado about Nothing The women in the 1500s were al ship charge expected to do things such as taking care of the family non working outside of their ho homophileipulations and always seen as possessions, non people. As in Shakespeares time they were seen not heard. Shakespeare used this as a theme in him novel, Much Ado about Nothing, and the character Hero in particular portrayed the typical fair sex. The typical wo human beings was modest, convectional, reserved and m both women were pressured to be exactly kindred her. There are many other ways of which women are presented in this 1599 play about love and the deception of appearances. The play was very popular with the listening and was a comedy. Women who had a high status were usually linked with honour. Hero is an example of this as her let, Leonato, is a successful character and has high status. He is described as a, honourable father, which means that if she was to be, unfaithful, to Claudio then her unscathed family would go d testify in status and she Hero would be seen as an unclean cr sapure straightway worth nothing.Heros overall presentation is a typical woman and is used as a temporary hookup device to move the story along, so she is valuable but her value is not recognised. An example of this is when she furthers the speckle when she is, unfaithful, to Claudio. Hero is a possession to be passed on from father to husband as the society was olden and the women were dominated by men and were assets to bargain. In the wedding scene Hero hardly says anything in her defence, and what she does say are only in angiotensin-converting enzyme line blocks, is my Lord well that he doth verbalize so wide? She is not saying that he is wrong, but just asking him to rethink what he is saying. This shows us that she is a typical, modest woman and cannot stand up for herself. When Hero is accused of being unfaithful to Claudio, her father doesnt defend her like a typical father would do today, but he says, do not live Hero, do not ope thine eyes, Leonato is ashamed to be linked with his daughter and basically says that he wants her to die. This is not how women should be treated. They have no voice and people would believe a mans word over a womans.Hero is seen as a, plague right well prevented, which means she is no longer any use to Claudio and is a plague on him. Once women had lost there virginity to a man when they were not married, they were seen as useless and unclean, a woman would not be able to get a husband and would be put in a nunnery or unplowed indoors. Honour is linked to virginity because then the women were not unserviceable and so that they could be married to someone of high status. Claudio thinks Heros appearance is deceiving him and he ruins her life as she had ruined his, thoughts of harm. He ruins her life because now people thi nk that she is unfaithful, rotten orange, she will be worthless and kept indoors. Another example of Hero as a typical Elizabethan woman is at the ships company when she gets proposed to. Hero is told what to say to her marriage proposal and has no choice in what to say. Beatrice even prompts her on what her actions should be, speak cousin, or if you cannot, stop his mouth with a kiss. Womans sexuality was controlled by men. Hero would be like any other good typical wife in Elizabethan times, she, would do any modest office. She is muteness and chaste and conforms to the norms of the society. Hero is very predictable, again like the typical woman, now going to kiss Claudio, Beatrice prompts her on her actions. In contrast Benedicks and Beatrices relationship has more equality and they come across as comfortable with one another as they use, you , and, your, as apposed to, thee, and, thou, as Hero and Claudio use. Beatrice is presented in a very different way to Hero. Beatrice is presented very openly. All of her emotions are shown and she always says what she thinks, the commendation is not in his wit, but in his villainy. This shows us that Beatrice is a very plotting and witty character who is in control of the situation. She is an independent woman, who was not like how women in Elizabethan times were presented, she was like Queen Elizabeth. Hero and Beatrice are complete face-to-faces. Beatrice doesnt want any man to rule her life, in marriage, so takes an independent look to things. She doesnt want a husband because she wants to remain like she is, I had rather hear my dog bark at a crow than a man swear he loves me. Her strong voice is a strong comparison to Heros silence it makes them seen very opposite and is not the norms of Elizabethan society. Because Beatrice is so independent, she uses her wit to stop her from getting hurt, so I would not he should do me, my Lord, lest I should prove the mother of fools. It shows that Elizabethan women were quite vulnerable. The love that Benedick has for Beatrice is true love, this gives Beatrice the male monarch to manipulate him, and she tells him to, kill Claudio, because she has to rely on a man to carry out what she wants to be done.The women in those times could not carry out a duel with someone else, as it was no, expected, of them to do that and they had to conform to the typical woman, like Hero. Beatrice shows her frustration when she says, O God that I were a man I would eat his heart in the market place, shes saying that if she was a man she would kill Claudio herself so makes Benedick chose if he looses a friend or love. Beatrice shows that she can be a domination person when she cuts Benedicks sentences short, Beat-, then she says, Princes and Counties boilersuit I think that the women in, Much Ado about Nothing, were pressured into being quiet, chaste and not seen, like Hero. Beatrice is the tote up opposite and has her own strong-willed, independent mind. Men and wom en were not treated as equals and men had so ofttimes more power and freedom and saw the women as possessions not wives. Hero resembles the perfect presentation of what a woman should be like. Beatrice does not because she is not quiet and is not told what to do, she is different, she is stubborn and will do things her own way.

American fast food restaurant Essay Example for Free

American fast food restaurant Essay thermionic vacuum tube is an American fast food restaurant franchise that primarily sells submarine sandwiches (subs) and salads. It is possess and operated by Doctors Associates, Inc. Subway is one of the fastest growing franchises in the world with 40,229 restaurants in 102 countries and territories as of 11 September 2013.1 It is the largest single-brand restaurant chain and the largest restaurant operator globally.345 Subways main operations office is in Milford, computed tomography five regional centers support Subways growing international operations.The regional offices for European franchises are located in Amsterdam, Netherlands the Australia and New Zealand locations are supported from Brisbane, Australia the Asian locations are supported from offices located in Beirut, Lebanon, and Singapore and the Latin America support center is in Miami, Florida. 6 Contents hide1 History1.1 Early history2 Products2.1 Regional variations2.2 Nutri tional content3 Advertising3.1 $5 footlongs3.2 Sub Club4 Controversies4.1 prepare size4.2 Franchise relations4.3 UK VAT treatment4.4 Caseys trademark case against Subway5 References6 External linksHistoryEarly historySubways original logo used from 1965 to 2002. In 1965, Fred DeLuca borrowed $1,000 from title-holder Peter Buck to start Petes Super Submarines in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and in the following year they formed Doctors Associates Inc to administrate operations of the restaurants as the franchise expanded.7 The holding company derives its name from Fred DeLucas goal to earn enough from the origin to pay tuition for medical school, as well as Peter Bucks having a doctorate in physics.8 Doctors Associates is not affiliated with, nor endorsed by, any medical organization.9 In 1968, the sandwich shop began using the name Subway for the first time.7Subway restaurant, Pittsfield Township, Michigan The first Subway on the West Coast was opened in Fresno, California in 1978. 10 The first Subway outside of North America opened in Bahrain, in December 1984.11In 2004, Subway began opening stores in Walmart supercenters, and surpassed the number of McDonalds locations inside US Walmart stores in 2007.12

The Strategic Role of HR in a State Government Essay Example for Free

The strategicalal Role of HR in a State Government EssayIn a outgrowth number of disposals homophile resources are at present viewed as a source of competitive advantage (Human Links, 2007). For kind-hearted resource to be competitive, it entails competencies that are obtained through highly developed employee skills, distinctive organizational cultures, management act upones and arrangings (Human Links, 2007). The straw man of these distinctive competencies marks most of the high- action organizations.But the need for such organizations is non limited provided to the cloak-and-dagger sector. Government organizations, peculiarly tell and local governments, are becoming increasingly accountable for results and the efficient engross of taxpayer money spent on programs and services (TechRe unrestricted, 2007). Government organizations are like agate linees businesses that may not be run for profit but rather are organized to meet a friendly goal in an effective and efficient manner (Mathys, 2006).Such said, Government organizations moldiness be responsive, use their resources well, and provide good value to the user and accountability to the taxpayer (Mathys, 2006). It is in this context that strategic gentle resource management has become just as important in the public sector. strategical human resource management has been defined as linking of human resources with strategic goals and objectives in order to improve business achieveance and develop organizational culture that foster innovation and flexibility (Human Links, 2007). The whole process of strategic human resource management includes the measurement of the impact of actions and decisions.Pressures on governments around the world have contributed to the acclivity adoption of performance management and measurement a focus on program and service outputs and outcomes, and on managing for results (TechRepublic, 2007). One method that has had significant demonstrated success to improve process efficiency, timeliness, and customer satisfaction in business is the balanced scorecard (Mathys, 2006).The Balanced Scorecard is a performance measurement that seeks to combine strategic planning with performance measurement (Rogers, 2007). Robert Kaplan and David Norton published works on the Balanced Scorecard in 1991 and considered tetrad areas in assessing the effectiveness of an organization in meeting its vision and system. These quaternity areas or perspectives include pecuniary, Customer, home(a) Business Processes, and Learning and Growth. According to Mathys, Kaplan and Nortons model explains that visions and strategies are translated into objectives, measures, targets, and initiatives that answer the questions in each of the four categoriesFinancial, the main question is To succeed financially, how should we appear to our shareholders?Customer, the focus is To achieve our vision, how should we appear to our customers?Internal business process focuses on the question To satisfy our shareholders and customers, what business processes must we excel at?Learning and growth class focuses on answering the question To achieve our vision, how will we sustain our ability to switch and improve?Essentially, this poser balances the value of strategic inputs (leading indicators) with financial outputs (lagging indicators) to enable an organization to improve the way it plans, measures and communicates success (Strategic Management Partners, 2007). It is now being applied by hundreds of successful organizations, in the public and private sectors, to align people, strategy and performance (Strategic Management Partners, 2007).In 1999, the State of Illinois embarked on a strategic planning initiative (SPI) to initiate change apply the balanced scorecard (BSC). The initial goals were performance management and public accountability, which required viewing the Illinois public as a customer whose opinion of government performance was of paramou nt importance (Lang, 2007). The State of Illinois translated its goals and strategy into different measures of success Financial, Customer, Internal Business Processes, Human Resources Systems Development (learning and growth).In this context, the Human Resources (HR) plane section has a critical role in facilitating the whole process of instituting a comprehensive public governance system using this measurement system. spate management is an important function of the HR Department and can melt down an important role in an organizations financial performance as well as the service it offers its customers (Yahoo Answers, 2007). People management includes managing recruitment selection, turnover issues, employee benefits, and acting as an information resource in HR issues for the organization (Yahoo Answers, 2007).First, it is important that the HR department views the state government as well as its constituency as its customer. The HR Department ensures that loyalty among empl oyees towards the organization is intact and also that the final constituents or the general population of the state government therefore are benefited.Second, the HR department looks into the other departments within the state government and assesses their goals and strategies as well in contributing to the achievement of the primary goal of the state government. This can be viewed particularly on learning and growth concerns such as how the unhomogeneous capabilities of various employees can be build up and enhanced so they can very well respond to the goals of the organizations, among others.This entails for example employing a homework Needs Assessment (TNA) tool so that employee capabilities may be surveyed, consolidated and aptly tapped. Knowledge of employee skills, abilities and adroitness could save the organization from investing on capability building trainings that do not address the authoritative needs of employees.Third, in terms of internal business process, the r ole of the HR Department is to indicate how a great deal each employee contributes to the organization such as revenue generated minus the cost of salary, benefits and training (Yahoo Answers, 2007). This basically looks into the productivity of the individual employee as well as the consolidated output of such individual productivity levels with which the HR Department also has that function to design a merit and rewards system to increase again such productivity. This is vital to keep the bureaucracy lean.Fourthly, in financial terms, the HR Department shall be able to perform a rationalized system of recruitment because it sees fit which employees to hire based on the scope of work and excogitate specifications. Aside from recruitment, HR also could do regular employee performance evaluations so as to determine which employee has in reality continually met the specifications of the job. Again, this saves the state government from unnecessary hiring of staff and checking of r edundancy, among others, since the staffing needs of the organization has been streamlined.With the HR Department using these four perspectives, it helps the government administration to keep track the value of activities (e.g. human resource development) which previously had not been audited effectively and had not been regarded as contributors to the bottom line (Strategic Management Partners, 2007).As in many private corporations, HR Departments of state governments shall have to use hard data in measuring performance. This can be done by linking employee competencies with behavioral objectives to align job specifications, recruitment, promotion, appraisal, and reward systems (Strategic Management Partners, 2007). A number of HR measures or benchmarks can be employed to check on performance and these include Applications per vacancy, Internal promotions, Hours training, compeer group reviewing, Cross-functional projects, Knowledge sharing, Employee turnover, Cost per hire, Emplo yee satisfaction, among others (Strategic Management Partners, 2007). The HR Department can also assist the various departments of the state government in targeting and developing milestones that keep its focus on the goals. The goals of the state government must be cascaded to every department with the help of the HR Department.In the end, some of the following questions may operate to measure the four perspectivesCustomer/Constituency. What services have been delivered to the constituents in order to secure their welfare and how do these relate to peoples expectations towards the state government?Learning and Growth. Have the skills and competencies of officers and staff have been upgraded and in what manner?Internal Business Processes. What desirable levels of effectiveness and efficiency have been achieved in serving the constituents?Financial Resources. What revenue generating options have been tapped and which government services have already been provided at a reasonable to ll?In all these, the role of HR should be to facilitate rather than dictate the targets and outcomes. Keeping the measurements simpleton allows it to be more understandable and adaptable. If it is not seen to be fully integrated with the business imperatives of the Chief administrator it will not be given the attention it deserves by operational managers (Strategic Management Partners, 2007).List of ReferencesChaturvedi, Siddharth. October 2007. Strategic Human Resource Management. Retrieved October 2007 from http//www.humanlinks.com/manres/articles/shrm/htm.Lang, Sandra S. January 2007. The CPA Journal. Balanced Scorecard and Government Entities Moving Forward at the Illinois Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 2007 from http//www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/2004/604/essentials/p48.htm.Mathys, Nicholas. February 2006. Managing for Performance Results Series 2006. using the Balanced Scorecard Lessons Learned from the U.S. Postal Service and the Defense finance and Accountin g Service. Retrieved October 2007 from http//www.businessofgovernment.org/pdfs/MathysReport.pdfRogers, Martha. June 2007. Balanced Score bug Usage in Local Government Audit Shops. Retrieved October 2007 from http//www.governmentauditors.org/ case/view/311/123/.Strategic Management Partners. January 2007. Briefing Papers Using the HR Balanced Scorecard. Retrieved October 2007 from http//www.consult-smp.com/archives/2005/02/using_the_hr_ba_html.TechRepublic. October 2007. Whitepapers Using the Balanced Scorecard to Improve State and Local Government Performance. Retrieved October 2007 from http//whitepapers.techrepublic.com.com/webcast.aspx.Yahoo Answers. October 2007. What is Balanced Score Card in HR?. Retrieved October 2007 from http//ph.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070927202545AAwkQix.

Process of Concurrent Utilization Review Essay Example for Free

Process of Con menses recitation Review EssayIn Health Industry, the process of Concurrent purpose Review has its own immenseness for the management of wellness reverence industry enabling them to control the Length of Stay(LOS) of patients in the infirmarys and their use of accessory services. This process is vastly used in the system and procedures adopted in the hospital cargon because of the uplifted be involved in it, though its application keister be put practically in use in other medical settings as well.The Concurrent use review implies that players providing medical take facilites inquire to provide all the info necessary in the health care to their payers who in snatch determine its usability in the current settings of the hospital, before alloting the certificate for reimbursement to the plan. The process has a direct impact on the hospitalized Ameri weed patients who are covered under the health amends schemes. Insurance companies are payers in the field. They all conduct their own reviews or hire a review company to access the level and need of the patient and hospitals are providers who hire its own staff for this purpose.Staff members provide all the clinical information required to be authorized for reimbursement, but the first level of review is conducted by a registered contain who is highly qualified to cover patients of a particular area. Nurses provide all the details of patients to payers including the severity of illness, the length of patients kept on observation and assessment by registered nurses.If patients condition is considered as stable and he or she does not require this assessment then they are kept for observations in settings considered cheap. Second part of the information is the summary of the plan discussed and formulated for the care of patient. Then the role of payers comes in who evaluate this information to render the usability, the importance of this plan for patients and furthermore if this plan has followed the requirements of the terms of the contract signed with the provider. After this process of military rank only, the plan is certified for reimbursement.Mary Ellen Murry went deep further to analyse the extent to look into the practical forte of this process since its application in the Health Industry. There are various aspects to it that Mary Ellen tried to crystallise the payers in the Health Industry to focus on. Reviews are undertaken to make sure that inpatients and outpatients are getting square-toed care in timely manner and the treatment and health care is cost-effective. It also involves assessment of patients health to assure them proper and effective after- care. It is also used to assess if the resources are being used in effect and to differentiate any superfluous or pertinent activity. This is the most crucial strength of this review. Another draw worth mentioning is the point when the planned care is refused certification for reimbursement. In this case both the payers and providers are held answerable for the outcome.In a benchmark case between Wickline v. State of California the court gave the statement that a patient who is harmed when care which should break been provided is not provided should recover from all responsible for deprivation of care, including, when appropriate, a health care payer Third party payers of health care services shag be legitimately held accountable when medically inappropriate decisions result from defects in designs or implementation of cost containment mechanisms A atomic number 101 who complies without protest when his medical judgment dictates otherwise, can not avoid his ultimate responsibility for his patients care. (Murray 2001) This ruling is a reminder to physicians for their duty and obligation in the decision making. Ross too stated in 1996 that according to law, the insurance carriers are bound by the duty to conduct investigation before deciding on refusal of payment. Th is is some other strong point of the importance of conducting reviews according to the existing medical standards. The review is most applicable in all the cases and the immediate feedback provides health authorities uptodate information on the necessary steps needed, shortcomings arising out of the current care and help insurance givers to update themselves with the requisite reimbursements. The visualisation techniqe of stacked bar gives details on the daily plan activities. (Dr. topaz 1998)Concurrent Utilizaton Review is also not without its limitation. Looking at the monstrous number of providers and players involved in this program all over the country, the process needs requisitive number of registered nurses.In case of the shortage,the investment required for their appointments can become burdensome and the studies conducted on some of the institutions also revealed the position that some of the staff members conducting reviews are not registered nurses, though they are i n possession of baccalaureate degree. The hospital authorities claim that these nurses and staff alloted for review are trained in their requisite field and hospitals can substitute assisting staff instead of registered nurses to perform the Concurrent Utilization Review process increasing the handiness of professional nurses.Controversy is going on the extent to which the economic criteria should be taken in the count of providing quality care to the patients. Hereby most physicians feel that without compromising on the quality of the measures adopted for the health care, cost can be minimized. The validity of these reviews is also questioned. It is doubted if these reviews sport been based on evidence from high-quality studies, explicit randomized trials or meta-analyses of multiple trials, which are the key indicators for the trials.If reviews are found not based on the solid evidence then those developing audit criteria should take expert feel. Reliance on opinion and infer ence weakens not only the validity of the criteria for a process-of-care audit, but also the validity of any conclusions derived from applying the criteria. This can be done by having a multi-specialty panel rating on hundreds of different case scenarios depending on the intensity of risks and the panelists make ratings on the basis of literature review and own judgments.Authors involved in Utilization Review process consider cost saving factor as the important criteria in preparing plans for health care. The most effective study conducted I found was by the Wickizer, Wheeler, and Feldstein (1989) who came to the conclusion that these concurrent review programs have led to the Decline of hospital admissions by 13%, inpatient days by 11%, expenditures on routine inpatient services by 7%, expenditures on ancillary services by 9%, and total medical expenditures by 7%. (Murry 2001) They make the use of insurance claims data to determine if cost incurred by the hospitals are matching wit h the increase in expenditures being incured on the outpatients. Results show that reviews conform to the high hospital expenditures instead of higher physician office or outpatient diagnostic expenditures.Another study by Wickizer which was conducted in 1991 found that utilization review was showing reduced expenditures of approximately 15% in the surgical cases and slight reductions of expenditures in the mental health and medical areas. These reductions of expenditures showed there have been denials of certification for reimbursement. They came to conclusion that a UR program restricting access to psychiatric care increases the chance of readmission within 60 days.Another telephonic survey conducted by Remler et al. in 1997 of 2,003, physicians in the United States show the denial rates to be little than 6 per cent in the first rate and 3 per cent subsequently. Both these survyes indicate that the reviews can enable payers to reduce their costs on health care. The policy impli cation could be at the cost of reducing the effectiveness of the health care finally being provided to outgoing patients, but to overcome this, hospitals have comprehensive case management programs, to ensure the proper coordination of the care related services including proper utilization of resources.These case managers make a point that every patient has both hospital care plan, including a discharge plan, and along with that a team of clinical social work and case manager associates, are responsible for the conduct of the UR function. And if this process keeps on going in all the hospitals and other clinics and health care institutes in letter and spirit, then the anticipated denial rates will be reduced to a considerable degree.REFERENCE LISTMurray M.E. 2001. Outcomes of Concurrent Utilization Review. Nursing Economics , 19 (1). 7 pg.Tan J. K.H. 1998. Health Decision Support Systems. Maryland Aspen Publishers.

Term Exam Sample Paper Essay Example for Free

Term Exam Sample Paper testifyThis sample test should only be used as a guide to the styles of questions. The topics covered present ar not exhaustive. Your revision should not be based on these set of questions only. The level of worry of this sample test is also NOT indicative of the level of difficulty of the actual test. The answers are provided at the end of the document. 1. A reasonable estimate of the annual stock(a) divergence of return of the stock market place would be? a. Less than 5 percentage. b. Between 5 and 10 percent. c. Between 15 and 25 percent d. More than 30 percent e. Impossible to estimate 2.A objectify has an expected cash combine of $200, in year 1. The attempt-free range is 6%, the market rate of return is 16%, and the designs of import is 1. 5. Calculate the certainty equivalent cash flow for year 1. a. $175. 21 b. $164. 29 c. $228. 30 d. $212. 56 e. none of the supra 3. Share X has a standard deviation of return of 10%, ploughshare Y ha s a standard deviation of return of 20%. The correlation coefficient between the shares is 0. 5. If you invest 60% of your funds in share X and 40% in share Y, what is the standard deviation of the portfolio? a. 10% b. 20% c. 12. 2% d. 14. 0% e. None of the above 4.Richard Rolls critique of tests of the not bad(p) asset pricing set is that a. Given an efficient market portfolio the CAPM is tautology b. The market portfolio is not efficient c. You need to test the mould using the market portfolio for all capital assets d. a and c e. a and b 5. The Template connection has an equity important of 1. 2 and a debt beta of . 8. The firms market value debt to equity ratio is . 6. If it undertakes a new project with the same lay on the line profile, what is the project beta (assuming zero tax rate)? a. 0. 70 b. 0. 72 c. 0. 96 d. 1. 04 e. 1. 05 6. Consider following data on three shares Share Standard Deviation A 0. 6 B 0. 30 C 0. 20 Beta 1. 00 0. 80 1. 29 Assuming that you wished to i nform risk, you would select share if the share was held in on its own, and you would select share if the share was to be added to a portfolio. a b c d e 7. A, A A, B B, A B, C C, A In a portfolio of three different shares, which of the following is NOT possible? a. b. c. d. e. The risk of the portfolio is less than the risk of to each one of the shares held in isolation. The risk of the portfolio is greater than the risk of one of the shares. The beta of the portfolio is less than the beta of each of the individual shares.The beta of the portfolio is greater than the beta of one of the individual shares betas. The standard deviation of the portfolio is greater than the standard deviation of the risk free asset. 8. You hold a diversified portfolio consisting of 20 different shares with $1,000 invested in each. The portfolio beta is equal to 1. 35. You have decided to sell all your holding of Edna Average Cosmetics Ltd which has a beta of 1. You provide reinvest the proceeds in Agg ressive Action Ltd which has a beta of 2. What is the new beta of the portfolio? a. b. c. d. e. 1. 35 2. 35 1. 45 1. 10 1. 40 9.A company is considering an investment in a new project. That project is best evaluated as though a. b. c. d. e. It is a stand alone project independent of the company and so its risk is amountd as variance. Its risk is adjusted to allow for diversification with the companies existing projects Its equal of capital is the weighted average cost of capital Its risk is evaluated as though it were traded in the capital markets None of the above 10 Is the portfolio with the minimum possible variance an efficient portfolio? a. b. c. d. e. Yes No Yes, but only for risk loving investors Yes, but only for investors who will not take any risk.Yes, but only for investors who are risk neutral. 11. For a two-stock portfolio, the maximum reduction in risk occurs when the correlation coefficient between the two stocks is A) +1 B) 0 C) -0. 5 D) -1 E) None of the above 12. The variance or standard deviation is a measure of A) Total risk B) Unique risk C) Market risk D) Bankruptcy risk E) None of the above 13. The risk of a well diversified portfolio depends upon the A) Market risk B) Unique risk of the securities included in the portfolio C) Number of securities in the portfolio D) Variance of the portfolio E) None of the above 4. A factor in APT is a variable that A) Affects the return of risky assets in a systematic manner B) Correlates with risky asset returns in an unsystematic manner C) Is purely noise D) Affects the return of a risky asset in a random manner E) is generally not correlated with stock returns 15. A company has a cost of capital of 15%. However, it is introducing a new product that it considers to be a very risky exertion to a well diversified investor. What can you say about the appropriate discount rate for the project?A) The rate used should be 15% B) The rate used should be lower than 15% C) The rate used should be greater th an 15% D) Any rate between 12% and 18% is gratifying E) The rate should be the expected market return. 16 What has been the average annual rate of return in real terms for a portfolio of U. S. common stocks between 1900 and 2006? a. Less than 2% b. Between 2% and 5% c. Between 5% and 8% d. Greater than 8% e. Greater than 20% 17. Mega Corporation has the following returns for the bygone three years 8%, 12% and 10%. Calculate the variance of the return and the standard deviation of the returns.

The strategic planning of Marks and Spencer

The strategic schemening of label and SpencerMarks and spencer started from pocket-size stalls start come outs one of the uks hint retail merchants with oer 15 million people visiting every year. It is giving to its guests great time value wear, advanced quality, stylish intersections as hale as outstanding quality of intellectual nourishment from different au henceticated suppliers.The livelong of the report revolves around the strategic blueprintning of well renowned political party marks and spencer, it forgeting explore the external surround, its existing business plan, major(ip) factors affecting it and the strategic option is in any case given in this report through which it can overcome the predicted barriers.Companies overviewMarks and spencer is come to existence in 1894 by the union of Michael with Tom Spencer. They employ over 65000 people, running 450 stores and as well as flourishing international business. In 2007 Marks Spencer (MS) was the UKs bigheartedst clothing retailer with a food food market piece of ground of 11.1%.Food sales accounted for 49.8% of its UK business and had a market sh ar of 4.3%. The groupsinternational business accounted for 7.1% of turnover and had grown to 219 franchise stores in34 territories worldwide as well as 8 wholly-owned stores in Hong Kong and 13 in the Republic ofIreland. During 2007, it opened 36 unfermented stores including the groups largest ever franchise store in Dubai at 52,000 sq ft. and also opened its first store in mainland China under a joint venture with President Chain Store Corporation.Strategic management provides general direction to the enterprise so Johnson and Scholes define outline as followsStrategy is the direction and scope of an ecesis over the long-term which achieves advantage for the organization through its configuration of imaginativenesss within a challenging environment, to seemly the needs of markets and to fulfill stakeholder expectations.PEST summaryPest digest is concerned with the environmental influences on a business. The acronym stands for the political, economic, social and technological issues that could affect the strategic development of a business.PoliticalEuropean Committee close to permit free flow of flock among themselves and new(prenominal) countries under foreign trade regulations makes companies to import their convergences over time easier than before. MS competitors took advantage of its high schooler embody structure and bit off some its market dowery.EconomicMS competitors argon specialised in niche markets and consumers focus which make them to provide a much better consumers satisfaction. They prefer to import their products from abroad for cost savings, this fact puts MS in a cost disadvantage for a perceived higher quality.SocialConsumers concept in the market erupt has changed they do non sense British products as of high quality. There is a shift in take in for more fashionable clot hing. Moreover the price sensitivity of the majority of the consumers has increased leaving MS in a little competitive position.TechnologicalMedia played major role of communicating new fashions to the customers. This acquaintance can be communicated to the designers and producers, so a manufacturer in Thailand or China can be aware of the current fashion trends in UK. Technology theses days are even more readily copied than before. Moreover due to the transportation speed a shipment of stock from a country in far Asia will only take a fewer days instead of a drone time period of over a month.Environmental (Ecological)Selling products produced by suppliers has a much greater affect on the environment on how these products are engrossd and disposed by consumers. Retailers use a huge range of raw materials to produce their goods. Because of this, it is critical to manage the use of these materials sensitively and pay tight-laced regard to how they affect indispensable habitats and bio-diversity.LegalOffering customers high standards of quality product are crucial to meet their requirements. MS are known for delivering world class quality products.Porter 5 Forces AnalysisThe five force postures is basically fabrication specific within which the firm exists and operates. The rationale behind this model is that industry profitability is not fixed by the product quality, nor it embodies high or low engine room. It is determined by the structure of the industry. M. Porter, Competitive Advantage of Nations, Macmillan, 1990 Porter explains that there are five forces that determine industry attractiveness and long-run industry profitability.Threat of new entrantsNew entrants to an industry can raise the aim of competition, thereby reducing its attractiveness. The threat of new entrants largely depends on the barriers to entry. High entry barriers exist in some industries whereas other industries are very easy to enter. The most common ready of entry barr iers are usually the scale and the investment unavoidable to enter an industry as an efficient competitor. In consumer product industry this dimension of competition is well prominent. All the existing domestic companies are well jell up, reputed, organized and stable manufacturers in the industry and admit their own distinct places in the market. A strength entrant whitethorn find it uneconomical to take on existing occupants and if it does the gain of market parcel out at the cost of large capital investment besides powerful retaliation of existing manufactures. It may take years (at-least 5 6 years) for an entrant to build reputation for product quality no matter how large its initial advertising campaign is.Threat of substitutesThe presence of substitute products can cut choke off industry attractiveness and profitability because they limit price levels. The threat of substitute products depends on Buyers willingness to substitute the congeneric price and performance of substitutes the cost of switching to substitutes The product category Marks and Spencer has is subjected to great threat as different other companies of UK like Primark deals with the same kind of products.Bargaining power of suppliersSuppliers are the businesses that supply materials other products into the industry. The cost of items bought from suppliers (e.g. Raw materials, components) can have a significant impact on a ac caller-outs profitability. If suppliers have high bargaining power over a company, then in theory the companys industry is less attractive. The bargaining power of suppliers will be high when There are many another(prenominal) buyers and few preponderating suppliers there are undifferentiated, highly valued products suppliers threaten to integrate forward into the industry.Bargaining power of buyersBuyers are the people who create demand in an industry. The bargaining power of buyers is greater when there are few dominant buyers and many sellers in the industry products are standardized buyers threaten to integrate backward into the industry suppliers do not threaten to integrate forward into the buyers industry. At the same time Pull dodge is followed as bottom up approach where end users pull the preferred product.Intensity of competitionThe gaudiness of challenger between competitors in an industry will depend on The structure of competition for example, rivalry is more intense where there are many small or equally sized competitors rivalry is less when an industry has a slang market leader The structure of industry costs for example, industries with high fixed costs encourage competitors to fill unused capacity by price cutting. Degree of differentiation industries where products are commodities have greater rivalry industries where competitors can differentiate their products have less rivalry. Switching costs rivalry is reduced where buyers have high switching costs i.e. there is a significant cost associate d with the decision to buy a product from an alternative supplier Strategic objectives.Swot Analysis prepare analysis is an important tool for auditing the overall strategic position of a business and its environment. Once rouge strategic issues have been identified, they feed into business objectives, particularly marketing objectives. beat analysis can be used in conjunction with other tools for audit and analysis, such as PEST analysis and Porters Five-Forces analysis.SWOT ANALYSIS OF MARKS AND SPENCERSStrengthsMarks and Spencer is a powerful brand. It has a reputation for value for money, convenience and a wide range of products all in one store. M S has grown substantially over re centime years, and has experienced global enlargement. The company has a core competence involving its use of information technology to support its international logistics system. For example, it can see how individual products are performing country-wide, store-by-store at a glance. IT also suppo rts M S efficient procurement. A focused strategy is in place for human resource management and development. People are pick out to M S business and it invests time and money in training people, and retaining a developing them.WeaknessesM S is the Worlds largest retailer and control of its empire, despite its IT advantages, could leave it puny in some areas due to the huge span of control. Since M S sell products across many sectors (such as clothing, food, or stationary), it may not have the flexibility of some of its more focused competitors. The company is global, but has a presence in relatively few countries Worldwide.OpportunitiesTo take over, merge with, or form strategic alliances with other global retailers, focusing on specific markets such as Europe or the Greater China Region. The stores are currently only trade in a relatively small number of countries. Therefore there are tremendous opportunities for future business in expanding consumer markets, such as China an d India. New locations and store types offer M S opportunities to exploit market development. They diversified from large super centers, to local and mall-based sites. Opportunities exist for M S to continue with its current strategy of large, super centers.Threats world number one means that you are the target of competition, locally and globally. Being a global retailer means that you are exposed to political problems in the countries that you operate in. The cost of producing many consumer products tends to have go because of lower manufacturing costs. Manufacturing cost has fallen due to outsourcing to low-cost regions of the World. This has lead to price competition, resulting in price deflation in some ranges. Intense price competition is a threat.Stakeholders ExpectationStakeholders Expectation are those without which our strategic analysis will remain incomplete is about the expectation of stake holders. Stakeholders are those individuals or groups who depend on the org anisation to fulfil their own goals and on whom the organisation depends. Share holders expectation includes, Corporate governance chain, ball requirements and boundaries within which strategy is developed, Organisational stakeholders, Other groups (internal and external) which have expectations and potential influence The expectation of the stake holders of M S conflicts between, Short-term profitability versus growth, Family control versus professional managers, Financial independence versus piece/loan funding, Public deal out ownership demands openness and accountability, Cost efficiency may mean job losses, Mass markets may via media quality, Mass public service provision versus specialist servicesGeneric models for strategic plan correspond to Porter, Marks and Spencer is followed by a strategic generic model and the main categories areCost leadersDiffferenciationFocusMarks and Spencer is a fascinating case of a company that has lost its strategic focus. Its narrative ill ustrates how even the strongest of businesses cannot afford to take their eyes off the competition.MS lost its way as the UKs direct retailer in the late nineties. Its profits, which had peaked at over 1bn pounds sterling. fell by hall as consumers rejected its clothing. In response to competitive pressure from new and existing players, MS made major changes to its strategy in 1998-2000. These included decisions to more away from its St. Michael brandand to accept credit cards.By 2004 the company was lacing a huge number of issues, including problems with service standards, dated store formats and the alienation of its traditional customer base. MSs stock was falling sharply. The share price, which had been as high as 650p in 1997, had declined to 270p.By this time, Rose had unveil his recovery strategy selling MS Money buying the Per Una brand refunding around 2.5bn pounds sterling to shareholders closing the new Lifestores concept and some Simply Food stores improving products an d services and broadening MSs appeal and customer base. leafy vegetable stated that his offer was final, which meant he would not increase it again for six months unless another bidder appeared. The shareholders decided to back Rose. Green withdrew his offer and the share price fell back to 340p, which was 60p (or a total of 1.3bn pounds sterling) less than putting green final offer.He faced following challenges while doing this right.Increase sales and market share without losing margins. (Rose has been modestabout this, putting the emphasis on cost savings.)Cut costs without undermining quality or service. In 2004 MS planned around 300m pounds sterling of cost savings, but clearly a proportion of these in 2005-06 would be needed to cut prices to competitive levels.The recent history of MS highlights the need to manage shareholder value and deliver quickly, especially during turnarounds. In this situation, Rose might find the strategic option power system attendful.This grid has been used by number of major companies, including Tesco and Diageo, to develop strategies. The options for MS includeIncrementalstrategyThis would not really improve MSs long-term competitive advantage and it would be a high-risk approach, because the business would become even more exposed.Float off foodThis would make shareholders better off, since the business is probablyundervalued. It would not be inherently hard to do this.Close more storesThis would focus the company on its key outlets, but it might damage the brand and decrease customer loyalty in the process.Rationalisethe productFor example gunpoint selling mens shoes. This would declutter the business and provide an opportunity for growth.Increase franchise spaceThis would appropriate in other products, which would create more interest.Strategy of Marks and Spencer to Improve PerformanceMarks Spencer plans to communicate 200 million over the next five years on going green strategy as the battle to become the most env ironmentally friendly retailer steps up.The high street giant, which launches its strategy with an advertising campaign in March, has set some challenging targets, including a pledge to stop sending all waste to landfill and to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 per cent.However, the aspirations will be most scrutinised by non-governmental organisations, which will want to see if MS will be able to maintain its loading to them in future years as the deadline to meet its targets near. Stuart Rose, the chief executive, verbalize that he hoped that the cost of the political platform would be offset by increased sales.Last year the retailer launched a Behind the mark off campaign, which highlighted Marks Spencers environmental and ethical business practices and was one of the retailers most successful advertising schemes.Mr Rose said We think this is the right thing to do because our customers, employees and, increasingly, shareholders are asking us to. We believe those people will embra ce a responsible business.MS has worked on the project for six months, taking advice from Jonathon Porritt, the former handler of Friends of the Earth, who said This plan raises the bar for everyone else not just retailers but businesses in every sector.MSs detailed 100-point plan covers climate change, waste, raw materials, fair trade and healthy living.Elements also include reducing the amount of food imported and labelling those goods flown in, opening a model green factory and four stores and using 50 per cent bio-diesel in its lorry fleet.The retailer also wants to reduce packaging by 25 per cent and to use recycled plastic bottles to make polyester for use in clothing and home furnishings.Rosemary Byrde, global Fairtrade policy advisor at Oxfam, said Marks Spencer is to be applauded for leading the way. We look forward to seeing the difference this will make and to other major retailers following suit in the near future.Robert Napier, chief executive of WWF-UK, the saving organisation, said Such bold aspirations as outlined by Marks Spencer can only help to drive other supermarkets and the retail sector towards supplying products in a way that protects our planet and sustains the natural resources we depend upon.The first change that MS shoppers will notice is a range of fair trade cotton T-shirts. About 20 million garments will be produced over the next 12 months, method of accounting for about a third of the worlds supply of fair trade cotton.Retailers fought to seize the green agenda passim last year as environmental and fair trade issues had become increasingly important to shoppers and regulators.Marks and Spencers Mission, Vision, Values and ObjectivesMarks and Spencers merged objectives are incorporated in its mission statement. This outlines what the business is and what it should be. Mission statements set out in writing what the firm wants to achieve and often include information on the set of the business. MS outlines its core busines s as clothing and Food. Its financial objectives is to deliver shareholder value in terms of increase returns, but also in terms of increase sales and market share in retailing. It beliefs and values are outlined as Our customers continue to see Marks Spencer as the place to shop for special food, produced to exacting standards. MS also sees its workforce as an important part of its plan and also considers modernising its stores as a key corporate objective.Vision The standard against which all others are thriftyMission Making aspirational quality accessible to allValues Quality, value, service, innovation and trustMS also outlines its corporate social responsibility in its mission statement and considers the needs of other stakeholders too.We have a strong tradition of corporate social responsibility (CSR) but we want to make sure CSR is merged into our operations at every levelFinally, MS also outlines its strategic intent (vision) in its corporate objectives. MS wants to conti nue its differentiation strategy by delivering freshness, quality and innovation.Strategic ImplementationThis process involves dispersal of resources (financial, personnel, time, and technology support). The next step involves assigning tasks or responsibilities to specific individuals or groups to make the environment livid and it needs to disseminated into the company effectively and efficiently, monitoring the progress and results. Careful judgment of the process, controlling for variances and making the required adjustments form vital components of this process.Strategy EvaluationAs the term suggests, this process includes evaluation of the efficacy of the organizational strategy implemented.Therefore, successful strategic management moldiness include clearly defined objectives, careful assessment of both the internal and external situation to formulate the strategy, implementing the strategy and making the required adjustments as and when required.The company must possess a clear vision of its long term plans or a clear business vision. This also includes assessing the financial and strategic objectives. Financial objectives involve measures such as sales targets and compensation growth. Strategic objectives are related to the firms business position, and may include measures such as market share and reputation. (quickmba, 2007). The Environmental scan includes the following elements Internal analysis of the firm, Analysis of the firms industry (task environment) and External macro environment (PESTanalysis).After deriving and inferring the information from the environmental scan the company should be able to carefully fall upon and address its weaknesses and external threats and evaluate its strengths. A competitive edge in the market in the market can be based on cost or differentiation.The stage of implementation essentially involves scattering and organization of the companys resources and staff motivation to achieve the set objectives or goals . Evaluation and control includes monitoring the strategy and fine-tuning it as required.CONCLUSIONAfter mid 1990s MS began to experience internal problems such as information flow breakdown and together with the fact that top management was concerned with international expansion MS was drifted away from its core values such as consumer care and customer satisfaction. MS failed to have intercourse that consumers were becoming wiser and its competitions much stronger. Most of consumers consider MS to be old fashioned company, this image has to be changed to be in line with the market demand and regain its lost customers to other competitors. Based on the analyses, the author feels that MS requires to be focus on its strategic plan therefore, in formulate a strategy envirmental analysis is required, which will be analysed through pestle, the current situation of Marks and Spencer is also captured then a strategic plan is constructed to overcome the barriers, then it is implemented an d evaluated to ensure long-term success.Business must try and use as many tools as possible in order to come out with the best strategy for the organisation. However, firms must try and evade the limitations of these tools so as to formulate the best strategy.